Reference values, intrarater reliability, and measurement error for the closed kinetic chain upper extremity stability test and upper quarter y balance test in young adults

Abstract

To describe reference values for the Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCU-EST) and Upper Quarter Y Balance Test (UQYBT) in young adults, and to determine whether there were differences in both tests based on gender and age. Intrarater reliability and measurement error were also assessed. Methods: Testretest design with a sample of 146 young adults. The CKCUEST (number of touches, normalized score, and power) and the UQYBT (normalized reach in the medial, superolateral, and inferolateral direction, and the composite score) were used. Mean and standard deviation were calculated for both tests. A linear and a mixed regression model were applied to determine significant differences in test scores. Reliability was determined using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and error measurement through Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) and Smallest Detectable Change (SDC). Results:Normative values were established and divided by gender and age. Men presented greater scores regarding the number of touches, power score, superolateral and inferolateral reaches. Good intrarater reliability was found for both tests. In the CKCUEST, the SEM and SDC values were 1 and 3 touches. In the UQYBT, the SEM values ranged from 3 to 7 cm, while the SDC ranged from 8 to 19 cm. Conclusion: Normative data were provided and men presented greater scores than women. Good intrarater reliability was found and values of SEM and SDC were established. Clinicians must use both tests in clinical practice since different aspects of the upper quarter are assessed.

The Closed Kinetic Chain Upper Extremity Stability Test (CKCUEST) Performance in Elite Team Handball Players Playing with Shoulder Pain, Previous Pain, or No Pain

“…The CKCUEST has been presented with moderate to strong reliability. 18,45,46 But the interpretation of the current results must still be viewed within the limitations of the study. Only a small sample performed the modified CKUEST test, and an uneven group size in the number of participants with previous or current shoulder pain compared to healthy subjects must be considered.…”