Aerobic training in aquatic environment improves the position sense of stroke patients: A randomized clinical trial

Mazuchi, Flávia de Andrade e Souza; Bigongiari, Aline; Francica, Juliana Valente; Franciulli, Patrícia Martins; Mochizuki, Luís; Hamill, Joseph; Ervilha, Ulysses Fernandes

doi:10.1590/s1980-6574201800010002

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…45 Only three studies had blinding of both outcome assessors and study participants. 22,44,47 In total, 10 studies were rated as strong for data collection methods and one received a weak rating. 44 Five studies were rated separately for somatosensory measures and secondary outcomes due to the use of measures with a range of psychometric properties, all receiving a strong rating for balance or gait measures, and a weak rating for somatosensory measures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22,23,41 There was a range of proprioceptive training strategies, including treadmill training with visual deprivation, 43 compelled body weight shift, 38,46 and aquatic gait training. 47 Other interventions included vibration stimulation 41,48 and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). 41,45,49 Intervention dosages ranged from a single dose lasting up to approximately two hours 49 to 30 minutes daily for six months.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sensory retraining of the leg after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

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Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of interventions intended for retraining leg somatosensory function on somatosensory impairment, and secondary outcomes of balance and gait, after stroke. Data sources: Databases searched from inception to 16 January 2019 included Cochrane Library, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PEDro, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Reference lists of relevant publications were also manually searched. Review methods: All types of quantitative studies incorporating interventions that intended to improve somatosensory function in the leg post stroke were retrieved. The Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies was used for quality appraisal. Standardised mean differences were calculated and meta-analyses were performed using preconstructed Microsoft Excel spreadsheets. Results: The search yielded 16 studies, comprising 430 participants, using a diverse range of interventions. In total, 10 of the included studies were rated weak in quality, 6 were rated moderate, and none was rated strong. Study quality was predominantly affected by high risk of selection bias, lack of blinding, and the use of somatosensory measures that have not been psychometrically evaluated. A significant heterogeneous positive summary effect size (SES) was found for somatosensory outcomes (SES: 0.52; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.04 to 1.01; I 2 = 74.48%), which included joint position sense, light touch, and two-point discrimination. There was also a significant heterogeneous positive SES for Berg Balance Scale scores (SES: 0.62; 95% CI: 0.10 to 1.14; I 2 = 59.05%). Gait SES, mainly of gait velocity, was not significant. Conclusion: This review suggests that interventions used for retraining leg somatosensory impairment after stroke significantly improved somatosensory function and balance but not gait.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensory retraining of the leg after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

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“…The aerobic training applied to stroke people enhances physical ability and improves life independence and quality, reducing morbidity and mortality 18 . Standard aerobic training is usually developed with walking and running.…”

Section: El Grupo Piscina Caminó Con Un Cinturón De Natación El Grupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treadmill protocols to stroke people can recover impaired gait, improve gait parameters and reduce walking asymmetries 19 . On the other hand, water walking enhances the afferent sensory inflow and improves peak aerobic capacity and walking endurance, being able to affect gait kinematics in patients with stroke 18,[20][21][22] . It is not clear whether walking on water would provide the same or more benefits compared with the standard treadmill walking for chronic stroke people.…”

Section: El Grupo Piscina Caminó Con Un Cinturón De Natación El Grupmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of aquatic and treadmill exercise in individuals with chronic stroke

Franciulli

Bigongiari²,

Grilletti³

et al. 2019

Fisioter. Pesqui.

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We compared the effect of gait training on treadmill versus deep water on balance and gait in 12 ischemic stroke chronic survivors randomly sorted to the Pool or Treadmill Groups. Berg Scale (BBS) and timed up and go test (TUG) were applied before and after the interventions. Just one person applied all tests and she was blinded for the aims of the study. Surface EMG of the paretic and non-paretic (NP) side muscles were recorded during walking on a treadmill. Three 100-ms epochs were extracted from the EMG related to gait phases: weight acceptance; propulsion; and pre-strike. For each epoch, we calculated the RMS of the EMG signal. Participants did gait training for 9 weeks (3 times/week, 40 minutes/session). The Pool group did the deep-water walking with a swimming belt. The Treadmill group walked on the treadmill at the maximum speed they could stand. The Manova group compared the effect of training, group, side, muscles, and gait phase into the EMG. Anova was used to test the effect of training, group side, and gait phase into BBS, TUG and EMG variables. Pool and Treadmill had increased balance and agility. The highest EMG RMS occurred at the paretic side, for the Treadmill and after training. The mm. tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius lateralis, vastus lateralis, and biceps femoris presented the highest RMS for the NP side; while for mm. rectus femoris and semitendinosus, the paretic side presented the highest RMS. Thus, the both types of exercise lead to similar functional adaptations with different muscular activations during walking.

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“…There were three dependent variables for JPS errors: absolute error (AE), [40][41][42][43][44] constant error (CE), 4,[45][46][47][48] and variable error (VE). [49][50][51] While AE is an assessment of overall error, CE reflects the directionality of errors and VE is the variability of the error over a series of trials and represents the accuracy of the performance. AE m was calculated to obtain the AE between the target position and reproduced position of the m-position for all the data together.…”

Section: Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wrist joint proprioceptive acuity assessment using inertial and magnetic measurement systems

Shuwang

2019

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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Human wrist proprioception is particularly important due to its role in manual dexterity and associated tasks of daily living. Most studies have focused on testing single degree of freedom joints or were only capable of displacing or moving a joint in a single plane, such as flexion/extension of the wrist. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of both direction and angular level on the accuracy of human wrist position reproduction error. Sixty subjects (all males) without a history of wrist pathology were recruited from a university campus. Subjects performed a position reproduction task in eight directions at three angular levels. The results showed that wrist position reproduction error depends on direction and angular level. Comparable reliability for the intra-observer measurements for wrist range of motion and joint position sense. The orientation of the joint position sense production ellipse is similar to the orientation of the range of motion ellipse, indicating that subjects generated the most accurate in directions where it is easy to generate more range of motion and the lowest accurate in directions where it is not easy to generate more range of motion. Joint position sense decreased in accuracy as the joint angle increased. The position reproduction error depends on the angular level, and subjects overshoot the target angle for the low angular levels (25% range of motion) and undershoot the target angle for high angular levels (75% range of motion). Mapping the human wrist joint position sense ellipse contributes to our understanding of the comprehensive proprioceptive function of the wrist. This technique offers the opportunity to assess all of the directions of proprioceptive function, which in turn may aid in improving therapeutic approaches.

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Aerobic training in aquatic environment improves the position sense of stroke patients: A randomized clinical trial

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Sensory retraining of the leg after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis

Sensory retraining of the leg after stroke: systematic review and meta-analysis

The effect of aquatic and treadmill exercise in individuals with chronic stroke

Wrist joint proprioceptive acuity assessment using inertial and magnetic measurement systems

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