7-week aerobic exercise training reduces adipocyte area and improves insulin sensitivity in Wistar rats fed a highly palatable diet

Abstract

Abstract--The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect aerobic exercise training on fat pad mass, adipocyte size, leptin release and insulin sensitivity in rats fed with high fat-palatable diet. Twenty-four male Wistar rats (250-260g) were divided into four groups: sedentary control (CTR/SD), trained control (CTR/TR), obese sedentary (OB/SD) and obese trained (OB/TR). Obese groups were fed with high fat-palatable diet (27% of fat) and control groups fed with AIN-93. Our results showed that aerobic exercise training was effective to reduce body weight and epididymal fat mass in CTR/TR and OB/TR. Insulin and glucose levels were increased in OB/TR compared with OB/SD. Aerobic exercise training reduced the average area of adipocytes in CTR/TR and OB/TR and it was associated with reduced plasma insulin and leptin. In conclusion, 7-week aerobic exercise training reduces adipocyte area and improves insulin sensitivity and leptin levels in high fat-palatable diet-fed Wistar rats.

Moderate exercise training does not prevent the reduction in myocardial L-type Ca2+ channels protein expression at obese rats

“…; Garcia et al. ). While ET generates beneficial responses on metabolism as improvements in insulin sensitivity, hypertension reduction, and metabolic control (Haram et al.…”

“…; Garcia et al. ). Moreover, analyzing cardiac tissue, authors proposed that improvements on insulin resistance by ET in obesity are related with a greater ability of insulin to phosphorylate IR, IRS‐1, IRS‐2, Akt, and Foxo I (Medeiros et al.…”

“…Researchers have shown that obesity and ET exercise training presented inverse effects on glucose metabolism, hormonal levels, blood pressure, and lipid profile (Relling et al 2006;Haram et al 2009;Leopoldo et al 2010;Leopoldo et al 2011;Caponi et al 2012;Jodas et al 2014;Lima-Leopoldo et al 2014;Garcia et al 2016). While ET generates beneficial responses on metabolism as improvements in insulin sensitivity, hypertension reduction, and metabolic control (Haram et al 2009;Jodas et al 2014), obesity promotes metabolic disorders such as glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia (Relling et al 2006;Leopoldo et al 2010;Leopoldo et al 2011;Lima-Leopoldo et al 2011) in rodents, resemble the metabolic syndrome ascertained in humans.…”

“…Our results demonstrated that ET was efficient to reduce insulin and leptin levels at obese rats, besides, different of sedentary obese (Ob), the exercised obese rats (ObET) did no present insulin resistance. In obese individuals, ET decreases visceral fat and increase fatty acid oxidative capacity and resting fatty acid oxidation; these factors may be related with improve on insulin resistance in obese rats (Caponi et al 2012;Garcia et al 2016). Moreover, analyzing cardiac tissue, authors proposed that improvements on insulin resistance by ET in obesity are related with a greater ability of insulin to phosphorylate IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, Akt, and Foxo I (Medeiros et al 2011).…”

“…Moreover, analyzing cardiac tissue, authors proposed that improvements on insulin resistance by ET in obesity are related with a greater ability of insulin to phosphorylate IR, IRS-1, IRS-2, Akt, and Foxo I (Medeiros et al 2011). proportionally to the reduction in fat pads after an exercise training protocol (Gauthier et al 2004;Paulino et al 2010;Garcia et al 2016). Moreover, Garcia et al (2016) mention authors, which purpose improvements in hypothalamic leptin signaling and increase in leptin receptors on liver and vascular smooth muscle as responsible for leptin levels reduction by chronic exercise training.…”