Fanconi's anemia in dentistry: a case report and brief literature review

Abstract

Purpose: To present a critical analysis of the dental literature about the oral, skeletal and developmental manifestations associated with Fanconi's anemia (FA) and to describe a clinical case. Case description: Patient: male, Caucasian, 18 years-old. At the physical exam, the patient's appearance was roughly that of a 12-year-old child. The oral exam revealed carious lesions, gingivitis, bilateral crossbite and anterior open bite. Several teeth were absent and several primary teeth were present. Conclusion: The review of the literature reveals a heterogeneous pattern for the oral manifestations of FA, as observed in the case described in the present report. The most common oral manifestations of the disease are gingivitis, periodontitis, dental agenesis and squamous cell carcinoma.

Oral health status in children and adolescents with Fanconi anemia

“…Approximately 75% of the FA group reported tooth brushing three times a day or more. However, the level of oral hygiene was not satisfactory in both groups, suggesting that daily hygiene is not performed with quality, as observed in other studies . Tekcikek et al.…”

Gingival Bleeding in a Child with Fanconi Anemia: A Case Report and Literature Review

“…Patients with severe periodontitis may present gingival bleeding, tooth mobility, and halitosis. These manifestations are often related to the host defense impairment seen in these subjects, which increases their susceptibility to periodontal infection, and to the poor oral hygiene [6,7].…”

“…The oral manifestations are frequently mentioned in the clinical descriptions of FA, but their prevalence has not been well documented [6]. As reported in the literature, the main oral findings associated with FA are gingivitis (41.5%) and severe periodontitis (22.3%) [7]. The high predisposition of patients with FA to periodontal disease may be due to anemia and leukopenia [13].…”

“…The high predisposition of patients with FA to periodontal disease may be due to anemia and leukopenia [13]. Moreover, the medications applied during the immunosuppressive treatment, such as corticosteroids, may further reduce the immunological defense, thus leading to a higher risk for periodontal disease [7]. It is worth mentioning that the poor oral hygiene remains a major cause of periodontal disease.…”

Fanconi Anemi: Case Report

“…Bununla birlikte FA hastalarının yaklaşık % 25-40'ı normal veya normale yakın fiziksel görünüme sahiptir (5). Genel olarak başlıca oral bulgular ise gingivitis, periodontitis, rotasyonlu dişler ve diş agenezisidir (6). Bu olgu sunumu, 8 ve 9,5 yaşında olan FA'lı 2 kız hastanın klinik ve oral bulgularının saptanması, klinik şartlar altında gerçekleştirilen dental tedavi yaklaşımının sunulması ve diş tedavilerinde dikkat edilmesi gereken hususların vurgulanmasını amaçlamaktadır.…”