Diffusion tensor imaging studies in vascular disease: a review of the literature

Alves, Gilberto Sousa; Sudo, Felipe Kenji; Alves, Carlos Eduardo de Oliveira; Ericeira-Valente, Letice; Moreira, Denise Madeira; Engelhardt, Eliasz; Laks, Jérson

doi:10.1590/s1980-57642012dn06030008

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…WML segmentation is unsatisfactorily developed and very often demanding manual outlining is required as well as a FLAIR MR image, where WML is hyperintense, while WM segmentation is readily available from many well known and freely downloadable software packages needing only a 3DT1 MR image which is a common part of a clinical MR protocol. In addition, recent focus on diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in vascular disease [ 58 ], amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) [ 59 ], and dementia [ 60 – 62 ] strengthens the view that age-related changes in WM play an important role in the development of dementia. DTI is, nevertheless, not sufficiently available and at the same time is costly making other approaches for WM analysis, like ours, a valuable addition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classifying Dementia Using Local Binary Patterns from Different Regions in Magnetic Resonance Images

Oppedal

Eftestøl

Engan

et al. 2015

International Journal of Biomedical Imaging

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Dementia is an evolving challenge in society, and no disease-modifying treatment exists. Diagnosis can be demanding and MR imaging may aid as a noninvasive method to increase prediction accuracy. We explored the use of 2D local binary pattern (LBP) extracted from FLAIR and T1 MR images of the brain combined with a Random Forest classifier in an attempt to discern patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), Lewy body dementia (LBD), and normal controls (NC). Analysis was conducted in areas with white matter lesions (WML) and all of white matter (WM). Results from 10-fold nested cross validation are reported as mean accuracy, precision, and recall with standard deviation in brackets. The best result we achieved was in the two-class problem NC versus AD + LBD with total accuracy of 0.98 (0.04). In the three-class problem AD versus LBD versus NC and the two-class problem AD versus LBD, we achieved 0.87 (0.08) and 0.74 (0.16), respectively. The performance using 3DT1 images was notably better than when using FLAIR images. The results from the WM region gave similar results as in the WML region. Our study demonstrates that LBP texture analysis in brain MR images can be successfully used for computer based dementia diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Classifying Dementia Using Local Binary Patterns from Different Regions in Magnetic Resonance Images

Oppedal

Eftestøl

Engan

et al. 2015

International Journal of Biomedical Imaging

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“…In normal aging (Gunning-Dixon and Raz 2000;Van Petten et al 2004;Hedden and Gabrieli 2004;Head et al 2004;Grieve et al 2007;Madden et al 2009;Sasson et al 2013;Fjell et al 2016;Rabin et al 2018) and in many different neurodegenerative conditions (Bozzali et al 2001;Smith et al 2011;Metzler-Baddeley et al 2014;Lin et al 2014;Cesar et al 2015;Alves et al 2016;Atkinson-Clement et al 2017), loss of FA in white matter has been correlated with cognitive impairments, most often with processing speed and executive function. A loss of FA in white matter tissue, where FA is expected to be high, indicates ultrastructural changes that are presumed to be predominantly the result of demyelination or alterations in myelin (Salat et al 2005;Jung et al 2010;Soares et al 2013).…”

Section: Assessment Of White Matter Integritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurovascular unit dysregulation, white matter disease, and executive dysfunction: the shared triad of vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease

2020

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Executive dysfunction is the most important predictor for loss of independence in dementia. As executive function involves the coordination of distributed cerebral functions, executive function requires healthy white matter. However, white matter is highly vulnerable to cerebrovascular insults, with executive dysfunction being a core feature of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). At the same time, cerebrovascular pathology, white matter disease, and executive dysfunction are all increasingly recognized as features of Alzheimer disease (AD). Recent studies have characterized the crucial role of glial cells in the pathological changes observed in both VCI and AD. In comorbid VCI and AD, the glial cells of the neurovascular unit (NVU) emerge as important therapeutic targets for the preservation of white matter integrity and executive function. Our synthesis from current research identifies dysregulation of the NVU, white matter disease, and executive dysfunction as a fundamental triad that is common to both VCI and AD. Further study of this triad will be critical for advancing the prevention and management of dementia.

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“…Data on brain microstructure concerning frailty are sparse. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)-based brain microstructural measures may be sensitive to subtle age-related and vascular disease-related changes (16,17) and can be used to monitor vascular disease progression (17). To date, only two DTI studies examined white matter microstructural characteristics with frailty (18,19).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural Neuroimaging of Frailty in Cognitively Normal Older Adults

et al. 2020

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Physical frailty is an age-related clinical syndrome that is associated with multiple adverse health outcomes, including cognitive impairment and dementia. Recent studies have shown that frailty is associated with specific volumetric neuroimaging characteristics. Whether brain microstructural characteristics, particularly gray matter, associated with frailty exist and what their spatial distribution is have not been explored. We identified 670 participants of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging who were aged 60 and older and cognitively normal and who had concurrent data on frailty and regional microstructural neuroimaging markers by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), including mean diffusivity (MD) of gray matter and fractional anisotropy (FA) of white matter. We identified neuroimaging markers that were associated with frailty status (non-frail, pre-frail, frail) and further examined differences between three groups using multivariate linear regression (non-frail = reference). Models were adjusted for age, sex, race, years of education, body mass index, scanner type, and Apolipoprotein E e4 carrier status. Compared to the non-frail participants, those who were frail had higher MD in the medial frontal cortex, several subcortical regions (putamen, caudate, thalamus), anterior cingulate cortex, and a trend of lower FA in the body of the corpus callosum. Those who were pre-frail also had higher MD in the putamen and a trend of lower FA in the body of the corpus callosum. Our study demonstrates for the first time that the microstructure of both gray and white matter differs by frailty status in cognitively normal older adults. Brain areas were not widespread but mostly localized in frontal and subcortical motor areas and the body of the corpus callosum. Whether changes in brain microstructure precede future frailty development warrants further investigation.

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Diffusion tensor imaging studies in vascular disease: a review of the literature

Cited by 13 publications

References 46 publications

Classifying Dementia Using Local Binary Patterns from Different Regions in Magnetic Resonance Images

Classifying Dementia Using Local Binary Patterns from Different Regions in Magnetic Resonance Images

Neurovascular unit dysregulation, white matter disease, and executive dysfunction: the shared triad of vascular cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease

Microstructural Neuroimaging of Frailty in Cognitively Normal Older Adults

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