Cognitive deficits associated with optic aphasia: Neuropsychological contribution to a differential diagnosis

Rodrigues, Melissa de Almeida; Adda, Carla Cristina; Lucia, Mara Cristina de Souza; Scaff, Milberto; Miotto, Eliane Correa

doi:10.1590/s1980-57642009dn20200013

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Six months post-stroke, RDS presented signs of optic aphasia, a naming impairment specific to visually presented objects (Rodrigues et al, 2008). For example, when shown a black-and-white image of a sled, he said: "Something to protect yourself, something you give to the kids when they go to the pool, a bathrobe, to protect themselves from the snow, the cold, to slide on the snow, to go sledding... a sled".…”

Section: Object Namingmentioning

confidence: 99%

When colours split from objects: The disconnection of colour perception from colour language and colour knowledge

Siuda‐Krzywicka

Witzel

Taga

et al. 2019

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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We investigated object-colour knowledge in RDS, a patient with impaired colour naming after a left occipito-temporal stroke. RDS's colour perception, object naming and verbal colour-knowledge (the ability to verbally say the typical colour of an object) were relatively spared. RDS was also able to state if an object was appropriately coloured or not. However, he could neither match colour names to coloured objects, nor match colour patches to greyscale objects. Thus, RDS's colour-naming deficit was associated with an impaired ability to conceptually relate visually presented object shapes and colours. These results suggest that objects in their typical colour are processed holistically in the visual modality, and that abilities important for colour naming may also be involved in abstracting colours from visual objects. We discuss these findings in the context of developmental psychology and linguistic anthropology, and propose a model of neuro-functional organization of object-colour knowledge.

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Section: Object Namingmentioning

confidence: 99%

When colours split from objects: The disconnection of colour perception from colour language and colour knowledge

Siuda‐Krzywicka

Witzel

Taga

et al. 2019

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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“…The patient can recognize objects through other forms of stimulus, whose function is impaired in associative agnosia, and has no compromise in their daily lives, with the patient being able to use instruments in the correct manner, albeit not knowing the names of those objects. Optic aphasia can also be distinguished from anomia by the incapability to name objects based on definition, tactile, and auditory means ( 6 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In optic aphasia, there is minimal disturbance of recognition, and a purely naming defect predominates, whereas in associative visual agnosia, the problem of recognition is prevalent. Optic aphasia patients are capable of identifying the shape of the object, demonstrating a preserved structural representation, which is not present in associative visual agnosia (4)(5)(6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracerebral Hemorrhage Manifesting as Optic Aphasia: A Case Report

Johansyah

2024

Beyoglu Eye J

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Optic aphasia is a rare neurological disorder that affects the visual-semantic ability of patients with normal vision and is caused by a lesion in the left occipital lobe. The signs and symptoms of optic aphasia are similar to those of associative visual agnosia, where patients have difficulty recognizing objects both in shape and function, resulting in challenges performing daily tasks. The transformation to optic aphasia or associative visual agnosia is closely related to the degree of damage to the corpus callosum, with some studies hypothetically suggesting that complete damage to the corpus callosum leads to optic aphasia, whereas incomplete damage causes associative visual agnosia. We present a case of a 60-year-old man with a history of intracerebral hemorrhage in the left occipitotemporoparietal lobe. The patient complained of intermittent episodes of painless, blurry vision. Upon examination, we observed that the patient was unable to read the Snellen chart, although he could draw the letter. Furthermore, we discovered that the patient had difficulty naming objects and instruments, even though he was able to express their shape and function through gestures and mimicry. The signs and symptoms of the patient, along with the result of the multi-slice non-contrast CT scan, suggest that he had optic aphasia rather than associative visual agnosia. A comprehensive neuropsychological and aphasia examination needs to be performed to further assess the condition of our patient and establish the diagnosis.

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“…These authors have noted that the deficit may be a failure of different stages of semantic retrieval (e.g., associative visual agnosia to a visually coherent construct and optic aphasia to the actual word/name). Other researchers have posited different potential mechanisms for the deficit and its association with other language disorders (Davidoff & De Bleser, 1993;Farah, 2003;Rodrigues et al, 2008). The critical lesion site seems to involve the left occipitoparietal area.…”

Section: Optic Aphasiamentioning

confidence: 99%