Adenotonsillectomy in facial growing patients: spontaneous dental effects

Pereira, Silvia Regina Amorim; Bakor, Silvia Fuerte; Weckx, Luc Louis Maurice

doi:10.1590/s1808-86942011000500011

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…It reaches maximum size during early childhood and starts to regress at 8-10 years of age. [10] In some children overgrowth of adenoids may cause upper respiratory tract obstruction. In these cases hypertrophy of the adenoids can cause such symptoms as mouth breathing, nasal discharge, snoring, sleep apnea, and hyponasal speech.…”

Section: Adenoidectomy Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early diagnosis and treatment of adenotonsillar hypertrophy is important because of its potential negative effects on dental and facial growth. [10] TREATMENT OF ADENOID HYPERTROPHY Adenoidectomy has been the standard treatment protocol of adenoid hypertrophy for years. However surgery possesses some risks and may cause emotional distress for the patient and the family.…”

Section: Adenoidectomy Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Adenoidectomy: current approaches and review of the literature

Aydın²

2016

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg

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Adenoid is a secondary lymphoid organ located in the nasopharynx. Due to its location, it plays an important role in the host defense of the upper respiratory tract. Immunoglobulin G3 and immunoglobulin A1 antibodies are prevalent antibodies in the adenoid tissue. Adenoidal hypertrophy is a common condition in children causing symptoms such as mouth breathing, nasal discharge, snoring, sleep apnea, and hyponasal speech. It also plays a role in the pathogenesis of rhinosinusitis, recurrent otitis media, and otitis media with effusion. Currently, adenoidectomy is one of the most commonly performed pediatric surgical procedures worldwide. Although there is still poor evidence in the literature, recurrent upper respiratory infections, otitis media with effusion, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome are considered to be the main indications of adenoidectomy. Adenoidectomy can be carried out with several techniques and instruments. Although rare, surgery possesses some risks and may cause emotional distress both for the patient and the family. Nonsurgical treatments such as intranasal steroids are also used in the treatment of adenoid hypertrophy. In this review, we discuss the current literature on the adenoid function, adenoidectomy indications, and treatment of adenoid hypertrophy.Keywords: Adenoidectomy; adenoidectomy indication; adenoidectomy technique; function of adenoid; immunology of adenoid. ÖZAdenoid, nazofarenkste yer alan sekonder lenfoid organdır. Yerleşim yeri nedeniyle, üst solunum yolundaki konak savunmasında önemli bir rol oynar. Immünglobulin G3 ve immünglobulin A1 antikorları, adenoid dokusunda yaygın bulunan antikorlardır. Adenoid hipertrofisi çocuklarda ağız solunumu, burun akıntısı, horlama, uyku apnesi ve hiponazal konuşma gibi semptomlara neden olan yaygın bir durumdur. Bununla birlikte, rinosinüzit, tekrarlayan otitis media ve efüzyonlu otitis media patogenezinde rol oynar. Günümüzde adenoidektomi tüm dünyada en sık uygulanan pediatrik cerrahilerden biridir. Literatürde henüz yeterli kanıt mevcut olmamasına rağmen, tekrarlayan üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonları, efüzyonlu otitis media ve tıkayıcı uyku apnesi sendromunun adenoidektominin başlıca endikasyonları olduğu düşünülmektedir. Adenoidektomi birçok teknik ve araç ile uygulanabilmektedir. Nadir olmasına karşın, cerrahi bazı riskler taşımakta ve hem hasta hem de aile için duygusal stres yaratabilmektedir. Adenoid hipertrofisinin tedavisinde intranazal steroid gibi cerrahi dışı tedaviler de kullanılmaktadır. Bu derlemede adenoid fonksiyonu, adenoidektomi endikasyonları ve adenoid hipertrofisinin tedavisine ilişkin mevcut literatür tartışıldı.Anahtar Sözcükler: Adenoidektomi; adenoidektomi endikasyonu; adenoidektomi tekniği; adenoid fonksiyonu; adenoid immünolojisi.Adenoidectomy is one of the most commonly performed pediatric surgical procedures all over the world today, either alone or in conjunction with tonsillectomy and/or insertion of ventilating tubes.[1] Annual adenoidectomy rates differ between countries.

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Section: Adenoidectomy Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Adenoidectomy Indicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adenoidectomy: current approaches and review of the literature

Aydın²

2016

Kulak Burun Bogaz Ihtis Derg

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“…An adenotonsillectomy can also efficiently improve several dental malocclusions, which benefits patients during their growth phase. In addition, this technique is mandatory for proper occlusal development 25.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology

Bozzini¹,

Francesco²

2016

Clinics

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Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome is a type of sleep-disordered breathing that affects 1 to 5% of all children. Pharyngeal and palatine tonsil hypertrophy is the main predisposing factor. Various abnormalities are predisposing factors for obstructive sleep apnoea, such as decreased mandibular and maxillary lengths, skeletal retrusion, increased lower facial height and, consequently, increased total anterior facial height, a larger cranio-cervical angle, small posterior airway space and an inferiorly positioned hyoid bone. The diagnosis is based on the clinical history, a physical examination and tests confirming the presence and severity of upper airway obstruction. The gold standard test for diagnosis is overnight polysomnography. Attention must be paid to identify the craniofacial characteristics. When necessary, children should be referred to orthodontists and/or sleep medicine specialists for adequate treatment in addition to undergoing an adenotonsillectomy.

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“…Obstruction of the upper airways forces the patient to breathe through the mouth, and in addition to OSAS, these factors cause oral dysfunction, such as lip incompetence, low position of the tongue in the floor of the mouth, tongue thrust, and may lead to unbalanced muscle and function [ 32 ] disturbances in swallowing, mastication, speech [ 34 ], and stability of occlusion [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A retrospective cephalometric study on upper airway spaces in different facial types

et al. 2017

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BackgroundCraniofacial growth pattern has been correlated with variations in size of the upper airway spaces. The objective of this study was to evaluate the nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal airway spaces variations according to the craniofacial growth pattern, by comparing brachyfacial, mesofacial, and dolichofacial in Angle Class I individuals.MethodsTo measure the spaces, 45 lateral teleradiographs were used and divided into 3 groups per the craniofacial growth pattern, determined by the Tweed cephalometry angular measurements: FMA and Y-axis. To evaluate the airways, sleep apnea cephalometry was used, containing 28 points that compose 14 factors. Three groups were compared relative to each of the 14 sleep apnea cephalometry measurements. Adherence test to the normal curve was performed. For the non-normally distributed data—measurement of the inferior pharyngeal space—the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for comparison between the groups. For the remaining data, the distribution was normal and ANOVA test was used.ResultsStatistically significant difference was verified among the groups for the measurement of the median posterior-palatal space, with the difference being pointed out by the post hoc test between the brachyfacial and dolichofacial groups. For the other measurements, there was no statistically significant difference.ConclusionsIt could be concluded that there was difference in the median posterior-palatal space measurement, in the oropharynx region, which was reduced for individuals with a dolichofacial pattern.

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Adenotonsillectomy in facial growing patients: spontaneous dental effects

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Adenoidectomy: current approaches and review of the literature

Adenoidectomy: current approaches and review of the literature

Managing obstructive sleep apnoea in children: the role of craniofacial morphology

A retrospective cephalometric study on upper airway spaces in different facial types

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