Effect of Renal Embolization with Trisacryl and PAVc

Abstract

OBJECTIVESEvaluate the degree of vascular occlusion, vascular recanalization, and necrosis of the vascular wall caused by polyvinyl alcohol-covered polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) particles compared to trisacryl particles after renal embolization.METHODSSeventy-nine female albino New Zealand rabbits underwent arterial catheterization of the right kidney. Thirty-three animals were embolized with trisacryl particles, thirty-one with PVAc particles, and fifteen were kept as controls. Four animals were excluded (three trisacryl and one PVAc) due to early death. Five subgroups of six animals were created. The animals in the different groups were sacrificed either 48 hours, 5 days, 10 days, 30 days, or 90 days after embolization. The control group was divided into subgroups of three animals each and kept for the same periods of time. The kidneys were dyed with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson’s trichrome and then examined using optical microscopy.RESULTSThere were significant differences in the degree of vascular occlusion caused by the trisacryl and the PVAc particles between the five-day and the ten-day groups. Additional differences were noted between the five-day and 48-hour groups in regard to the amount of necrosis. For both findings, the PVAc group members showed adequate tissue reaction (ischemia and volumetric reduction) and less recanalization than those treated with trisacryl.CONCLUSIONThe use of PVAc as an embolization material exhibited an adequate tissue reaction (ischemia and volumetric reduction), more expressive vascular occlusion and necrosis, and less recanalization than the trisacryl material.

Polyvinyl Acetate

“…1 The Expert Panel reviewed newly available studies since that assessment along with updated frequency and concentration of use information. 2 –11 The Expert Panel confirmed that polyvinyl acetate is safe in the present practices of use and concentration given in Table 1 and did not reopen this safety assessment.…”

Creation of an ex-vivo bovine kidney flow model for testing embolic agents: work in progress

“…Therapeutic vascular embolization procedures represent established treatment options for a variety of conditions such as hemorrhage, tumor, and vascular malformations (Moreira and An 2003 ). Preclinical testing of embolic materials has been extensively described in live animals (Oh et al 2015 ; Barbosa L de et al 2009 ; Sommer et al 2011 ; Siskin et al 2003 ). It is essential to study and test novel embolic materials in animal tissue prior to human clinical trials; however formalized in-vivo trials may be taxing and resource consuming.…”