An Anomalous Muscle in the Forearm Extensor Compartment

Nayak, Soubhagya R.; Vadgaonkar, Rajanigandha; Prabhu, Latha V.

doi:10.1590/s1807-59322009000300019

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…It is most likely that variations in limb musculoskeletal development resulted in the bilateral absence of the EI muscle-tendon unit and the bilateral presence of additional tendon slips arising from the ED muscle bellies. During embryological development the extensor muscle mass of the forearm differentiates into three sections: radial, superficial and deep [18]. The radial section gives rise to brachioradialis, and extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pointing in a different direction: a case of bilateral absence of extensor indicis

Kim

Miller

et al. 2022

Folia Morphol

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Understanding anatomical variations, as well as, normal anatomy of the muscles and tendons of the hand is vital for successful clinical evaluation and surgery. A number of extensor muscle and tendon variations have been reported in the literature including duplication, triplication, and absence. We report a rare anatomical variation that includes bilateral absence of the extensor indicis (EI) muscles and bilateral duplication of the extensor digitorum (ED) tendon to the second digit in the forearm of an 83-year-old male cadaver during routine upper limbs dissection. In the present case, only three muscles were present in the deep compartment: extensor pollicis longus (EPL), extensor pollicis brevis (EPB), and abductor pollicis longus (APL) with bilateral absence of EI. The reported prevalence of bilateral absence of EI muscle and tendon ranges from 0.5 to 3.5% [1,26]. 2The prevalence of an additional index tendon arising bilaterally from the ED muscle belly is 3.2 % of the population [1]. Extension of the index finger is governed by the actions of EI and ED. However, the four tendons of ED are linked to each other by juncturae tendinum (JT), restricting independent extension of the digits in certain postures, e.g. when the hand is fisted. With fisted hand, EI controls extension of the index finger. Clinically, EI tendons are used for tendon reconstruction procedures to restore function to the hand and thumb after trauma or tendon rupture. This report highlights the importance of anticipating anatomical variations and conducting pre-operative evaluations to confirm the presence of EI when planning tendon transfer procedures.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pointing in a different direction: a case of bilateral absence of extensor indicis

Kim

Miller

et al. 2022

Folia Morphol

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“…An anomalous muscle in the forearm extensor compartment is of academic interest. However, these muscles can create surgical complication when they outturn in to clinical manifestations symptoms or spawn [6] hardship to discriminate it from soft tissue tumors .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additional Muscle Belly and Abberant Muscle Fibers over the Extensor Retinaculam of Wrist

Paul

Gaikwad

2016

Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU

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Variations in the extensor compartment of forearm are common and are significant to neurologists, surgeons and anatomists. The present case report describes a well-developed muscle belly medial to the tendons of extensor carpi radialis longus and extensor carpi radialis brevis. Muscle belly is originating from common extensor origin on lateral epicondyle and is inserted to base of third metacarpal; bilaterally. In addition to this, aberrant muscle fibres packed in a common connective tissue bundle over the dorsal digital expansion of left hand were also found. The above observations were noted during routine dissection of a 50 year old Indian male cadaver. The variant muscle having common extensor origin and muscle fibres over dorsal digital expansion were identified and protected. The blood supply and nerve supply were noted. The clinical significance of the variation is explained in detail.

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Extensor indicis proprius muscle and its variants together with the extensor digitorum brevis manus muscle: a common classification. Clinical significance in hand and reconstructive surgery

et al. 2018

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An Anomalous Muscle in the Forearm Extensor Compartment

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Pointing in a different direction: a case of bilateral absence of extensor indicis

Pointing in a different direction: a case of bilateral absence of extensor indicis

Additional Muscle Belly and Abberant Muscle Fibers over the Extensor Retinaculam of Wrist

Extensor indicis proprius muscle and its variants together with the extensor digitorum brevis manus muscle: a common classification. Clinical significance in hand and reconstructive surgery

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