Peptide Glutamine Supplementation for Tolerance of Intermittent Exercise in Soccer Players

Favano, Alessandra; Silva, Paulo Roberto Santos; Nakano, Eduardo Yoshio; Pedrinelli, André; Hernandez, Arnaldo José; Greve, Júlia Maria D’Andréa

doi:10.1590/s1807-59322008000100006

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In addition, peptides from Pseudosciaena crocea prolonged exhaustive swimming time in mice and exhibited notable anti-fatigue effects (23). The peptide glutamine is considered to be an essential nutrient for the prevention of fatigue in athletes (63). Therefore, oral intake of LG, GL and DPP may be considered promising treatment strategies for fatigue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucine and glycine dipeptides of porcine placenta ameliorate physical fatigue through enhancing dopaminergic systems

Han

Kim

et al. 2017

Mol Med Report

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Fatigue is a common and serious health problem, and various dietary interventions have previously been employed to ameliorate fatigue. The aim of the current study was to investigate the anti‑fatigue effects of Danish porcine placenta (DPP) and its major dipeptides, including leucine‑glycine (LG) and glycine‑leucine (GL). The anti‑fatigue effects of orally administered DPP, LG and GL were determined using a treadmill exercise test and a forced swimming test (FST) in mice. Additionally, the anti‑inflammatory effects of DPP, LG and GL were investigated in activated splenocytes. The results demonstrated that oral treatment of mice with DPP, LG and GL increased the time to exhaustion during treadmill exercise. Furthermore, DPP, LG and GL enhanced the levels of dopamine, brain‑derived neurotrophic factor and phosphorylated-extracellular signal‑regulated kinase in the brains of mice with treadmill exercise‑induced exhaustive fatigue, and decreased levels of certain proinflammatory cytokines in the serum and spleen, as determined by ELISA and western blot analysis. Following treadmill exercise, commercial kits were employed to demonstrate that DPP, LG and GL reduced the levels of lactate dehydrogenase, lactate, creatine kinase, blood urea nitrogen, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase in the muscle and/or serum of mice. In addition, DPP, LG and GL enhanced the muscle and liver glycogen levels, catalase activity in the liver and serum superoxide dismutase activity. DPP, LG and GL also increased the proliferation of splenocytes and inhibited proinflammatory cytokine production by reducing the activation of caspase‑1 and nuclear factor‑κB in activated splenocytes, as determined by MTT assays, ELISA and western blotting, respectively. Furthermore, DPP, LG and GL reduced immobility time in the FST in mice. In conclusion, DPP may limit intensive exercise‑induced fatigue by increasing dopaminergic systems and inhibiting inflammatory responses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leucine and glycine dipeptides of porcine placenta ameliorate physical fatigue through enhancing dopaminergic systems

Han

Kim

et al. 2017

Mol Med Report

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“…Their results were consistent with other studies examining the benefits of alanine-glutamine dipeptide in preventing performance decrements during a dehydration stress. Others have shown significant improvements in distance covered when consuming glutamine combined with carbohydrates and water versus carbohydrates and water alone in soccer players during simulated soccer activities [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects ofl-Alanyl-l-Glutamine Ingestion on One-Hour Run Performance

Mccormack

Hoffman

Pruna

et al. 2015

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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“…In addition, glutamine has been shown to be an effective modulator of the immune response to exercise [15] and possibly improve athletic performance [16]. However, there is considerable debate in this area [17], which justifies further investigation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the efficacy of acute L-alanyl-L-glutamine ingestion during hydration stress in endurance exercise

Hoffman

Ratamess

Kang

et al. 2010

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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BackgroundThe effect of acute L-alanyl-L-glutamine (AG; Sustamine™) ingestion on performance changes and markers of fluid regulation, immune, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and recovery was examined in response to exhaustive endurance exercise, during and in the absence of dehydration.MethodsTen physically active males (20.8 ± 0.6 y; 176.8 ± 7.2 cm; 77.4 ± 10.5 kg; 12.3 ± 4.6% body fat) volunteered to participate in this study. During the first visit (T1) subjects reported to the laboratory in a euhydrated state to provide a baseline (BL) blood draw and perform a maximal exercise test. In the four subsequent randomly ordered trials, subjects dehydrated to -2.5% of their baseline body mass. For T2, subjects achieved their goal weight and were not rehydrated. During T3 - T5, subjects reached their goal weight and then rehydrated to 1.5% of their baseline body mass by drinking either water (T3) or two different doses (T4 and T5) of the AG supplement (0.05 g·kg-1 and 0.2 g·kg-1, respectively). Subjects then exercised at a workload that elicited 75% of their VO2 max on a cycle ergometer. During T2 - T5 blood draws occurred once goal body mass was achieved (DHY), immediately prior to the exercise stress (RHY), and immediately following the exercise protocol (IP). Resting 24 hour (24P) blood samples were also obtained. Blood samples were analyzed for glutamine, potassium, sodium, aldosterone, arginine vasopressin (AVP), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), malondialdehyde (MDA), testosterone, cortisol, ACTH, growth hormone and creatine kinase. Statistical evaluation of performance, hormonal and biochemical changes was accomplished using a repeated measures analysis of variance.ResultsGlutamine concentrations for T5 were significantly higher at RHY and IP than T2 - T4. When examining performance changes (difference between T2 - T5 and T1), significantly greater times to exhaustion occurred during T4 (130.2 ± 340.2 sec) and T5 (157.4 ± 263.1 sec) compared to T2 (455.6 ± 245.0 sec). Plasma sodium concentrations were greater (p < 0.05) at RHY and IP for T2 than all other trials. Aldosterone concentrations at RHY and IP were significantly lower than that at BL and DHY. AVP was significantly elevated at DHY, RHY and IP compared to BL measures. No significant differences were observed between trials in CRP, IL-6, MDA, or in any of the other hormonal or biochemical measures.ConclusionResults demonstrate that AG supplementation provided a significant ergogenic benefit by increasing time to exhaustion during a mild hydration stress. This ergogenic effect was likely mediated by an enhanced fluid and electrolyte uptake.

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Peptide Glutamine Supplementation for Tolerance of Intermittent Exercise in Soccer Players

Cited by 23 publications

References 23 publications

Leucine and glycine dipeptides of porcine placenta ameliorate physical fatigue through enhancing dopaminergic systems

Leucine and glycine dipeptides of porcine placenta ameliorate physical fatigue through enhancing dopaminergic systems

Effects ofl-Alanyl-l-Glutamine Ingestion on One-Hour Run Performance

Examination of the efficacy of acute L-alanyl-L-glutamine ingestion during hydration stress in endurance exercise

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