Substitution of Drinking Water by Fructose Solution Induces Hyperinsulinemia and Hyperglycemia in Hamsters

Abstract

PURPOSE: To test the possibility of obtaining a practical and stable model of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia in hamsters, substituting the drinking water by 10% or 20% fructose solutions for a period of 2, 4, or 6 months. METHODS: Male hamsters were divided into 3 main groups, further divided in 3 subgroups: Two months: Group Ia control (n = 51) received filtered water, Group Ib (n = 49) received 10% fructose solution instead of water, Group Ic (n=8) received 20% fructose solution instead of water. Four months: Group IIa control (n=8), Group IIb 10% fructose (n = 7), Group IIc 20% fructose (FIIc, n = 7). Six months: Group IIIa control (n = 6), Group IIIb 10% Fructose (n = 6), Group IIIc 20% Fructose (n = 5). All groups were fed with the same laboratory diet. The animals were weighed every 2 weeks during the study period. On the final day of each experiment (61st, 121st, and 181st day after the beginning of the study, respectively), the animals were weighed and anesthetized for blood collection to determine plasma glucose and insulin after at least a 12-h fast. Ten animals of group Ia and 10 of group Ib were evaluated to determine changes in macromolecular permeability induced by ischemia/reperfusion as measured in the cheek pouch microcirculation. RESULTS: Compared to controls, the animals that drank the 10% or 20% fructose solution had significantly greater weight gain (P < .001), fasting plasma glucose (P < .001) Reperfusion, after 30 min ischemia, resulted in an immediate but reversible increase in postcapillary leakage (L) of 89.0 ± 2.0 L/cm 2 (group Ia-controls), and 116.5 ± 4.8 L/cm 2 (group Ib 10% fructose), P < .001.These results suggest that chronic administration of either 10% or 20% fructose solutions could be used to experimentally induce a stable hamster model of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia. CONCLUSION: The model might facilitate the study of basic mechanisms of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia affecting the microvasculature as demonstrated by the findings regarding ischemia/reperfusion after only 2 months of treatment.

Felodipine attenuates vascular inflammation in a fructose-induced rat model of metabolic syndrome via the inhibition of NF-κB activation1

“…The control rats (n=12) were fed normal chow and given normal water, and the FFR (n=18) were fed normal chow and given water containing 10% (w/v) fructose [14][15][16][17] . Using water containing 10% fructose to feed animals has been proven to be an effective and stable method to induce metabolic syndrome in rats [14] and hamsters [18] .…”

Nonenzymatic glycosylation of human serum albumin and its effect on antibodies profile in patients with diabetes mellitus

“…Glucose, being a bio-molecule of great importance, promotes adverse metabolic alterations in biological systems that include hypoglycemia, glucose intolerance, glucotoxicity, and hypertension [1–5]. Diabetes mellitus is a hub of metabolic disorders represented by an imbalance in glucose homeostasis leading to impairment in carbohydrate, lipids, and protein metabolism [6].…”

Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Alstonia Boonei (Apocynaceae) Barks on Sucrose-Induced Glucose Intolerance and Insulin Resistance in Wistar Rats

“…It is well known that, fructose consumption induced dislipidemia with an increase in visceral adiposity and a decrease in insulin sensitivity. [1,2] Human studies demonstrate that fructose infusions can induce hepatic insulin resistance. [3] In addition, in animal models, high consumption of fructose have been shown to induced, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance.…”

“…[3] In addition, in animal models, high consumption of fructose have been shown to induced, hyperglycaemia, hyperinsulinemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance. [1] Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin resistance are common metabolic disorder that plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of diabetes. In 2013, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that the prevalence of diabetes in the world population is 7.9% including glucose intolerant patients.…”