Periodontal disease and systemic complications

Abstract

Periodontal diseases comprise a number of infectious and inflammatory conditions brought about by the interaction between supragingival and subgingival biofilms and the host inflammatory response. Periodontal diseases should be considered systemic conditions. This means that they are both modulated by the body's systems and play a role as a risk factor for systemic derangements. The current evidence supports some of these interactions, such as smoking as a risk factor for periodontal disease and diabetes mellitus, as both influenced by and influencing inflammatory changes in the periodontal tissue. Other potential associations are still being researched, such as obesity, hormonal changes, cardiovascular disease, and adverse outcomes in pregnancy. These, and others, still require further investigation before the repercussions of periodontal disease can be fully elucidated. Nevertheless, at the present time, the treatment of periodontal diseases-and, most importantly, their prevention-enables adequate intervention as a means of ensuring periodontal health.

Filifactor alocis Infection and Inflammatory Responses in the Mouse Subcutaneous Chamber Model

“…Interestingly, the organism was cleared from these tissues by 7 days, indicating that in this model system F. alocis can cause an acute rapidly spreading infection that is controlled by the host. Given the epidemiological association between periodontal diseases and serious systemic conditions such as cardiovascular disease and preterm delivery of low-birth-weight infants (27), the ability of F. alocis to spread systemically may allow the organisms to access remote sites in humans and contribute to disease either alone or in combination with other oral bacteria.…”

Knowledge of medical doctors in Turkey about the relationship between periodontal disease and systemic health

“…2 Systemic conditions can modulate the relationship between biofilm and the inflammatory response and may alter the progression and severity of the PD. 3 This process may ultimately result in the loss of the diseased teeth. 4 PD is a common oral health problem worldwide, and variations in its prevalence may originate from differences in methodology and diagnostic criteria: 5 whereas half of Declaration of Interests: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript.…”

“…17,18 In recent studies, the relationships between obesity, anxiety, stress, kidney disease, and periodontal health have also been investigated and there is a great deal of ongoing research in this area. 3,19 As stated by the World Health Organization (WHO), oral diseases, including PDs, are a serious and essential part of the general health of the individual. 20 For this reason, medical doctors should become familiar with and use this information, because they can alter the course of systemic diseases, as well as appropriately determine their treatment and prognosis.…”

Perfil e percepção de diabéticos sobre a relação entre diabetes e doença periodontal

“…A doença periodontal é uma inflamação resultante da interação entre o acúmulo do biofilme dental e metabólitos bacterianos produzidos sobre a margem gengival, e é mediada pela resposta imunológica do hospedeiro 5,6 . A ativação do sistema imunológico do hospedeiro, principalmente para fins de proteção, em última instância, resulta na destruição dos tecidos, desencadeando a síntese e a liberação de citocinas, mediadores pró-inflamatórios e as metaloproteinases de matriz.…”

“…A ativação do sistema imunológico do hospedeiro, principalmente para fins de proteção, em última instância, resulta na destruição dos tecidos, desencadeando a síntese e a liberação de citocinas, mediadores pró-inflamatórios e as metaloproteinases de matriz. A destruição periodontal vista na periodontite depende do equilíbrio entre a virulência do biofilme local e a resposta imunológica do hospedeiro 6 .…”