Evaluation of frictional forces between ceramic brackets and archwires of different alloys compared with metal brackets

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, frictional forces produced by ceramic brackets and arch wires of different alloys. Frictional tests were performed on three ceramic brackets: monocrystalline (Inspire ICE), polycrystalline (InVu), polycrystalline with metal slot (Clarity), and one stainless steel bracket (Dyna-Lock). Thirty brackets of each were tested, all with .022" slots, in combination with stainless steel and nickel-titanium wires .019" × .025", at 0° and 10° angulation, in artificial saliva. Arch wires were pulled through the slots at a crosshead speed of 10 mm/min. There were statistically significant differences between the groups of brackets and wires studied (p < .05). The polycrystalline brackets with metal slots had values similar to those of conventional polycrystalline brackets, and the monocrystalline brackets had the highest frictional forces. The nickel-titanium wires produced the lowest friction. The addition of metal slots in the polycrystalline brackets did not significantly decrease frictional values. Nickel-titanium wires produced lower friction than those of stainless steel.

Effect of applied moment on resistance to sliding among esthetic self-ligating brackets

“…Similarly, Guerrero et al, 12 with an in vitro study testing in the presence of artificial saliva, observed the highest frictional values with monocrystalline brackets. They observed that although monocrystalline brackets tend to have a smoother surface, the sharp hard edges of the bracket slot tend to induce greater amounts of friction during sliding mechanics when these edges are binding with the archwire.…”

Fluoride influences nickel-titanium orthodontic wires′ surface texture and friction resistance

“…[413] Care was taken to avoid introducing torsion into the tested wire during clamping. The reading was set to give a zero reading after the wire was lightly tightened and was completely in a straight, vertical position toward the moving arm (upper fixture).…”

The Effect of Fluoride on Beta-Titanium Orthodontic Wire's Surface Texture and Friction Resistance

“…The tested wire was pulled upward through the bracket slot at a speed of five mm per minute for a minute [3,13]. The frictional force generated by each wire-bracket assembly was registered in kilograms by the tension load cell.…”

“…However, the various agents used for maintaining good oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment may affect the physical properties of titanium wires, and thus may increase the frictional forces between ceramic brackets and titanium wires. Consequently, this may affect the outcome of orthodontic treatment [1][2][3][4].…”

“…Correct selection of orthodontic brackets and wires suitable for each case is the first step for achieving a proper orthodontic movement that can be applied to obtain optimum biologic tissue response [3,5]. The maintenance of good oral hygiene and caries control is the second step to ensure the success of orthodontic treatment outcome.…”