Effect of sodium bicarbonate on Candida albicans adherence to thermally activated acrylic resin

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of 5% sodium bicarbonate on the adherence of Candida albicans to thermally activated acrylic resin. Fifty 4 mm² specimens of acrylic resin were obtained using a metallic matrix. The specimens received chemical polishing, were sterilized and then immersed in Sabouraud broth, inoculated with Candida albicans standardized suspension. After 24 hours of incubation at 37°C, the specimens were divided into four groups according to the substance used for disinfection (5% sodium bicarbonate, 0.12% digluconate chlorhexidine, vinegar and Corega Tabs). A control group was included, in which distilled water was used. The adhered microorganisms were dispersed, diluted and plated onto culture media to determine the number of colony-forming units (cfu/mL). The results were analyzed through the Mann-Whitney statistical test at the 5% level of significance. Only 0.12% digluconate chlorhexidine and 5% sodium bicarbonate presented a statistically significant difference (p = 0.0010 and p = 0.0156, respectively) compared to the control group, decreasing the number of cfu/mL. However, when the different disinfecting solutions were compared with each other, only 0.12% digluconate chlorhexidine presented a statistically significant difference in the reduction of cfu/mL. It was concluded that although 0.12% digluconate chlorhexidine was more effective in the reduction of Candida albicans adherence values to thermally activated acrylic resin, 5% sodium bicarbonate also proved to be a viable alternative.

Antifungal activity of components used for decontamination of dental prostheses on the growth of Candida albicans

“…The results of this study confirm the antifungal potential of peroxide-based chemical cleaners, sodium hypochlorite and the antimicrobial-based mouthwash solutions containing chlorhexidine and essential oils, which corroborate the findings from other studies 8,9,12,18 . Although other studies have widely evaluated the antimicrobial potential of these solutions against mature biofilms, the results of the present study suggests that these substances are capable of inhibiting biofilm formation.…”

“…Topical antifungal medications, such as Nystatin and Myconazol, are recommended for the treatment of oral candidiasis, especially when associated with the use of dentures 5,7 . The use of cleaning solutions for prostheses is also recommended 5,[7][8][9] , however, they are generally only used in patients who have difficulties in maintaining the cleanliness of their dentures [10][11][12] .…”

“…Patients with motor difficulties or inadequate mechanical hygiene are recommended to use adjuvant cleaning solutions 1,2,[10][11][12] , such as sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine digluconate, alkaline peroxides and enzymatic agents [8][9][10][11][12] . The objective of these solutions is to remove the biofilm and to prevent recolonization.…”

“…They are chemical agents composed of alkaline detergents and oxygen-releasing agents, such as trisodium phosphate and sodium percarbonate or perborate, respectively. Alkaline peroxides are available as tablets or in powder and when in solution they change into hydrogen peroxide, which is able to primarily attack the organic components of the deposits present in prostheses 8,9 . However, these products have been shown to be ineffective at inhibiting Candida spp.…”

“…activity 8,9,12 , their routine use may bring some negative aspects, such as color change and lowered acrylic resistence 10,16 . The development of natural products with potential for clinical use is necessary to create new strategies to chemically control oral candidiasis, as well as to counteract the inconveniences of comercially available products 7 .…”