EBV-1 and HCMV in aggressive periodontitis in Brazilian patients

Abstract

The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the presence of Epstein-Barr virus type 1 (EBV-1) and of Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) in crevicular fluid samples from deep and shallow periodontal pocket sites of Brazilian patients with aggressive periodontitis. A total of 30 systemically healthy patients with aggressive periodontitis participated in the study. Paper points were inserted into 2 gingivitis sites (<3 mm) and into 2 periodontitis sites (>5 mm) in each patient. PCR assay was used to identify genomic copies of HCMV and EBV-1. Twenty-three patients (77%) were positive for EBV-1, while only 2 patients (6%) were positive for HCMV. The McNemar test revealed a positive association between EBV-1 and periodontal lesions (p=0.043). Thirty-four (57%) out of 60 periodontitis sites were positive for EBV-1, whereas 18 (30%) gingivitis sites were positive (p=0.01). Only two sites (6.7%) were positive for HCMV. No positive association was found between HCMV and periodontitis or gingivitis (p=0.479). The elevated occurrence of EBV-1 DNA in periodontal pockets of patients with aggressive periodontitis supports a possible periodontopathic role of this virus.

Salivary shedding of Epstein–Barr virus and cytomegalovirus in people infected or not by human immunodeficiency virus 1

“…The prevalence of these herpesvirus in the present study is in accordance with previous studies that shown infection rates ranging from 22% to 90% for EBV and from 1.2% to 31% for CMV [11,13,[21][22][23][24][25][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38]. In United States, EBV and CMV were detected in 90% and 31% HIVinfected patients compared with 48% and 2% non-HIV individuals, respectively [35].…”

“…Another study in Japan showed that EBV DNA was detected in 23% of EBV seropositive healthy adults [30]. Only one study evaluated the prevalence of EBV and CMV in Brazil and identified EBV in 77% of patients and CMV in 6% [37] of the population studied.…”

Periodontal microbiology in Latin America

“…In Brazil, Watanabe et al. detected Epstein–Barr virus‐1 in 57% of sites with aggressive periodontitis and in 30% of sites with gingivitis; the relative risk for periodontitis was 3.05 with a confidence interval of 1.43–6.47. Cytomegalovirus was found in 6% of the study individuals .…”

Detection of EBV, CMV and HSV-1 in subgingival samples of HIV positive and negative patients with chronic periodontitis.

“…The coexistence of herpesvirus and periodontopathic bacteria, together with the host's local immune response, would be involved in the disease progression 3 . Different Herpesviridae detected in gingival tissue, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV), have been detected.…”