Use of walking tractor powered rotary tiller in no-tillage system1

Abstract

-Brazilian family farming has at its disposal planters whose furrowing mechanisms, whether disc or shank, require a large vertical force. In smaller planters, this is reflected in low efficiency when opening the furrow or in a high demand for mass (weight). Rotary furrowers require less vertical force for the same operation. This study aimed to evaluate the technical feasibility and performance of rotary furrowers mounted on the powertrain of a walking tractor working under direct seeding, and compare them with shank-type furrowers using bibliographic data. The parameters used in the comparison were the depth and width of the furrow, the area of disturbed soil and the cross-sectional area of the furrow with no soil after the operation. The experiment was carried out on wheat stubble that had lain fallow for six months. Twelve treatments were employed in a factorial design: three models of rotary furrowers, two values for revolutions per unit of linear displacement, and two forward speeds. The variable, cross-sectional area of the furrow with no soil, was statistically affected only by the factor, furrower. However there was significant interaction between the factors, furrower, revolutions per metre and speed, for the variables of depth, furrow width and area of disturbed soil. The values obtained for the variables of width, depth and disturbed area in the cross-section of the furrows, with the three types of rotary furrowers driven by the powertrain of a walking tractor, were similar to those generated by shank-type furrowers.Key words: Seed furrow. Sowing depth. No-tillage system. RESUMO -A Agricultura Familiar brasileira tem à sua disposição semeadoras cujos mecanismos sulcadores, tipo haste ou disco, demandam grande esforço vertical. Nas semeadoras de menor porte isso se reflete em baixa eficiência na abertura do sulco de semeadura ou alta exigência de massa (peso). Os sulcadores rotativos exigem menor esforço vertical na mesma operação. Neste estudo objetivou-se avaliar a viabilidade técnica e o desempenho de sulcadores rotativos, montados na cadeia cinemática de um trator de rabiças, trabalhando em semeadura direta e compará-los com sulcadores tipo haste por meio de dados bibliográficos. Os parâmetros empregados na comparação foram profundidade e largura do sulco, área de solo mobilizado e área transversal do sulco sem solo, após a operação. O experimento foi conduzido sobre resteva de trigo em pousio por seis meses. Foram empregados 12 tratamentos, sendo três modelos de sulcadores rotativos, dois valores de revoluções do sulcador por unidade linear de deslocamento e duas velocidades de deslocamento em delineamento fatorial. A variável área transversal do sulco sem solo foi estatisticamente afetada apenas pelo fator sulcador. No entanto, houve interação significativa entre os fatores sulcador, revoluções por metro e velocidade para as variáveis: profundidade, largura do sulco e área de solo mobilizada. Os valores obtidos para as variáveis largura, profundidade e área mobilizada na seção transversa...

Study of the process of soil strip tillage by vertical milling adapter

“…The rotary cultivator operation for the zero tillage technology was studied. The experiments were conducted on the stubble background and involved determining the impact of kinematic parameters on the tillage characteristics, namely the depth and width of a furrow, an area of the scarified soil and the cross intersection of furrow [10]. As for the strip soil tillage technology, there are some known research in the optimization of geometrical parameters of angled blades on rotary working bodies based on a mathematical model that included the following parameters: velocity of translational movement of the unit, angular velocity of rotors, depth and the width of soil cutting, rotor radius, rotation angle, specific resistance and density of soil [11].…”

Diseño y Optimización del Timón de un Surcador Aplicando Elemento Finito y Templado Simulado

“…Medeiros et al [3] evaluaron la viabilidad técnica y el rendimiento de surcadores rotativos en trabajo de siembra directa y se compararon con surcadores de mango. Se implementó un diseño factorial con tres modelos de surcadores rotativos, dos valores de revoluciones por unidad de desplazamiento lineal y dos velocidades de avance.…”