Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in patients with COPD: mild-to-moderate COPD versus severe-to-very severe COPD

Abstract

Objective: To assess and compare the prevalence of comorbidities and risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in COPD patients according to disease severity. Methods: The study included 25 patients with mild-to-moderate COPD (68% male; mean age, 65 ± 8 years; mean FEV 1 , 73 ± 15% of predicted) and 25 with severe-to-very severe COPD (males, 56%; mean age, 69 ± 9 years; mean FEV 1 , 40 ± 18% of predicted). Comorbidities were recorded on the basis of data obtained from medical charts and clinical evaluations. Comorbidities were registered on the basis of data obtained from medical charts and clinical evaluations. The Charlson comorbidity index was calculated, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score was determined. Results: Of the 50 patients evaluated, 38 (76%) had been diagnosed with at least one comorbidity, 21 (42%) having been diagnosed with at least one CVD. Twenty-four patients (48%) had more than one CVD. Eighteen (36%) of the patients were current smokers, 10 (20%) had depression, 7 (14%) had dyslipidemia, and 7 (14%) had diabetes mellitus. Current smoking, depression, and dyslipidemia were more prevalent among the patients with mild-to-moderate COPD than among those with severe-to-very severe COPD (p < 0.001, p = 0.008, and p = 0.02, respectively). The prevalence of high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, alcoholism, ischemic heart disease, and chronic heart failure was comparable between the two groups. The Charlson comorbidity index and HADS scores did not differ between the groups. Conclusions: Comorbidities are highly prevalent in COPD, regardless of its severity. Certain risk factors for CVD, themselves classified as diseases (including smoking, dyslipidemia, and depression), appear to be more prevalent in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD.

The prevalence, burden and risk factors associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Commonwealth of Independent States (Ukraine, Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan): results of the CORE study

“…The rate of hypertension was also higher among respondents with COPD compared to the non-COPD population (although this difference was only statistically significant in Ukraine and Azerbaijan). It is well established, that COPD is a precursor to cardiovascular disease development and/or its aggravation [ 30 , 31 ]. The association between a history of pneumonia and COPD confirms available data.…”

<p>Different Clusters in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Two-Center Study in Brazil</p>

“…This cluster presented the higher proportion of metabolic comorbidities associated to COPD and can be related to higher risk of cardiovascular events. 46,47 In clinical practice, the identification of these patients should always be considered to receive appropriate treatment and better control of the disease. 44,46,47 In the current study, cluster 3 identified high levels of CRP and neutrophils, with moderate airflow limitation, suggesting the association of the systemic inflammatory process and the systemic manifestation of disease (lower BMI values and lower physical performance).…”

“…46,47 In clinical practice, the identification of these patients should always be considered to receive appropriate treatment and better control of the disease. 44,46,47 In the current study, cluster 3 identified high levels of CRP and neutrophils, with moderate airflow limitation, suggesting the association of the systemic inflammatory process and the systemic manifestation of disease (lower BMI values and lower physical performance). 48,49 The literature is consistent to demonstrate an increased risk of mortality in COPD patients with cachexia.…”

Коморбідність Хронічного Обструктивного Захворювання Легень З Артеріальною Гіпертензією: Стан Системи Антиоксидантного Захисту

“…Як і очікувалося, найбільш значущу кореляцію виявлено між ХОЗЛ та серцево-судинними захворюваннями. Встановлено, що ХОЗЛ є попередником розвитку серцево-судинних захворювань та/або його загострення [15,16]. Протягом останніх 30 років в Україні поширення серцево-судинних захворювань зросла в 3,5 раза, а рівень смертності від них -на 46 %.…”