Nossos doentes pneumopatas e a poluição atmosférica

Saldiva, Paulo Hilário Nascimento

doi:10.1590/s1806-37132008000100001

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Our results corroborate the findings in other studies regarding the importance of socioeconomic determinants for tuberculosis, showing the disproportionate incidence of the disease among population groups with worse living conditions 7 , 16 , 19 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…That year, the strategy Tratamento Diretamente Observado (TDO – Directly Observed Treatment) was implemented in thirty-four Family Health Units (FHU), responsible for forty-five teams of the Family Health Strategy (FHS), whose percentage of territorial coverage was approximately 77.0% g . The strategy of the TDO was extended to patients not covered by the FHS in 2005, and important results were achieved in the five-year period, such as the reduction from 30.0% to 5.0% in the abandonment of the treatment and increase from 60.0% to 88.0% in the percentage of cases cured 16 . Despite these important results, Itaboraí is one of the 181 priority Brazilian cities for the control of the disease as it presents incidence rates above 80.0% of the estimated rate for the country (32 new cases /100,000 inhabitants) 6 since 2007.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tuberculosis as a marker of inequities in the context of socio-spatial transformation

et al. 2017

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OBJECTIVE This study aims to analyze the association between the incidence of tuberculosis and different socioeconomic indicators in a territory of intense transformation of the urban space.METHODS This is an ecological study, whose analysis units were the neighborhoods of the city of Itaboraí, state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The data have been analyzed by generalized linear models. The response variable was incidence of tuberculosis from 2006 to 2011. The independent variables were the socio-demographic indicators. The spatial distribution of tuberculosis was analyzed with the elaboration of thematic maps.RESULTS The results have shown a significant association between the incidence of tuberculosis and variables that reflect different dimensions of living conditions, such as consumer goods, housing conditions and its surroundings, agglomeration of population, and income distribution.CONCLUSIONS The disproportionate incidence of tuberculosis in populations with worse living conditions highlights the persistence of socioeconomic determinants in the reproduction of the disease. Different municipal public sectors need to better articulate with local tuberculosis control programs to reduce the social burden of the disease.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tuberculosis as a marker of inequities in the context of socio-spatial transformation

et al. 2017

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“…A faixa etária mais propensa a problemas relacionados à poluição atmosférica é a de crianças e idosos e, naturalmente, pessoas já portadoras de doenças respiratórias e cardiovasculares (MARTINS et al, 2001;BAKONYI et al, 2004;SALDIVA, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Biomonitoramento da qualidade do ar do município de Uberaba/MG utilizando liquens como bioindicadores

Costa,

Duarte,

Rivani

et al. 2023

CadUniFOA

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Os líquens são associações simbióticas mutualistas entre algas e fungos de extrema importância ecológica, visto que são considerados organismos pioneiros que beneficiam a formação do solo e muito sensíveis quanto a exposição à poluição atmosférica, podendo assim, ser usados para aferir a qualidade do ar no ambiente em que se encontram, cumprindo um papel fundamental e dinâmico de biomonitoramento. Considerando o rápido desenvolvimento de centros urbanos e distritos industriais, maiores taxas de poluentes acabam por ser emitidos na atmosfera diariamente, chegando a valores recordes de emissão com o passar das décadas, que serão refletidos em casos de enfermidades civis e ocupacionais. Devido a isso, o presente estudo tem por objetivo realizar o biomonitoramento da qualidade do ar no município de Uberaba/MG utilizando líquens como bioindicadores. As coletas foram realizadas durante os meses de fevereiro e março de 2023 em 5 unidades amostrais distintas, respeitando um raio de coleta de 50 metros em cada ponto. Após identificação das espécies utilizando um estereomicroscópio seguido pelos testes (C) e (K), constatando-se 56 espécies de liquens distribuídas em 19 famílias, sendo a unidade Parque das Acácias o ponto que apresentou maior diversidade de liquens, enquanto o Distrito Industrial I apresentou a menor diversidade. Diante do baixo custo metodológico do monitoramento passivo da qualidade do ar utilizando líquens como bioindicadores, evidencia-se a contribuição que estudos desse tema podem contribuir para o delineamento de políticas públicas voltadas para o zoneamento municipal, bem como para o controle de poluição atmosférica.

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“…Os veículos com motor a combustão interna são os principais responsáveis pela poluição do ar nas cidades devido à emissão de materiais particulados(ARBEX, 2012).Diversos trabalhos abordam a correlação existente entre a poluição do ar e seus efeitos sobre a saúde pública. Os estudos e publicações pioneiras datam da década de 1950.O artigo publicado porLogan (1953) defendia que o aumento da mortalidade ocorrido em Londres no mês de dezembro de 1952 estava diretamente ligado a concentração atípica de poluentes atmosféricos Saldiva (2008). destaca que o artigo deLogan (1953) é relevante, pois, promoveu as primeiras iniciativas políticas em prol da definição de padrões de qualidade do ar.JáPope et al (1989) argumentam que "os padrões de qualidade do ar indicados pudessem ser insatisfatórios para proteger a saúde de alguns grupos específicos da população, tais como crianças, idosos e indivíduos portadores de doenças cardiovasculares"(POPE et al, 1989, p. 623).É importante acentuar que nenhum dos três fatores acima referenciados (a agenda ambiental; o aumento dos combustíveis fósseis e a questão da saúde pública) tinham como diretriz explícita retomar o projeto do automóvel elétrico.…”

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Trajetória tecnológica do veículo elétrico

Barassa¹

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Automobile industry across the world is undergoing structural change. Advances in emission regulations and the effects of oil price fluctuations are forcing carmakers towards new product programs that use new technologies in order to increase the energy efficiency of vehicles, reduce emissions and decrease environment impacts. In this context, electric vehicles have been considered as one of the possible alternatives for this scenario of new demands. This dissertation advances on this topic to investigate, describe and analyze the historical and technological trajectories and market behavior of the electric vehicle. It was observed a technological competition by dominant propulsion system, that had occurred among: 1) the steam engine; 2) electromechanical energy converters (electric motors); and 3) internal combustion engines, the last being characterized as the most used. Throughout the following 50 years from the engine closure based on the internal combustion in 1920, electric vehicles practically disappeared. The electric vehicle project was only resumed after the 1970s, due to the environmental agenda, the air pollution and its impacts on public health and the increase of fossil fuels prices. However, in the 21st century, the segment of electric vehicles has ascended in both technological and market fields. Therefore, it is possible to identify the three most promising settings about electric vehicle technology: battery electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle and fuel cells vehicle. The three configurations have obstacles and challenges, which are being systematically tackled by companies that are dispensing efforts for the segment, based on the evolution of patents published concerning the electric vehicles and their technologies. Thus, it is possible to verify the evolution of the electric vehicles selling in the United States, Japan and a few European countries. The world market success is related to hybrids models, selling seven times more than the battery electric vehicle. In the current Brazilian context, the country has the government agencies, companies and public research intuitions and had the conditions (mature automobile market and know-how) for the formation of an automobile complex of electric vehicles, with off actions. Although such initiatives may favor the creation of specific competencies for electric vehicle, they show little effective to create conditions for the Brazil occupy a prominent position in this market. It should be projected a list clear policies to support the development of local technologies for the electric vehicle, or few advances will be achieved in this technological field.

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Nossos doentes pneumopatas e a poluição atmosférica

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Tuberculosis as a marker of inequities in the context of socio-spatial transformation

Tuberculosis as a marker of inequities in the context of socio-spatial transformation

Biomonitoramento da qualidade do ar do município de Uberaba/MG utilizando liquens como bioindicadores

Trajetória tecnológica do veículo elétrico

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