Características clínico-demográficas de pacientes hospitalizados com tuberculose no Brasil, no período de 1994 a 2004

Abstract

Objective: To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis hospitalized in the Nestor Goulart Reis Hospital, located in the city of Américo Brasiliense, Brazil. Methods: Epidemiological investigation by means of an observational, retrospective, descriptive study based on the medical charts of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis and hospitalized between 1994 and 2004. Results: There were 1787 patients diagnosed with tuberculosis during the period evaluated. Of those, 117 (7%) were females, 1670 (93%) were males; 1215 (68%) were single, separated or widowed. Most of the patients (74%) had not completed middle school, and most (63%) were between 30 and 50 years of age. In addition, 61% suffered from alcoholism. The most common occupation was farm worker (25% of the patients), and 70% of the patients were unemployed. The most common clinical form of the disease was the pulmonary form (in 92%). The rate of medical discharge was 60%. The treatment regimen differed from the standard (rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide) in 34% of the cases. Conclusions: The profile of the patients with tuberculosis hospitalized in the hospital studied showed that they had special requirements: they were unable to take care of themselves (social cases) and required alternative treatment regimens, which justified their hospitalization. This hospital played an important social role in the treatment and guidance of these patients.

Social and environmental factors associated with the hospitalization of tuberculosis patients

“…Among the social factors related to TB-HIV co-infected cases, we highlight the association for hospitalization related to alcohol use and dependence, confirming other studies that showed strong association between TB and alcoholism, which is understandable because cachexia due to alcoholism predisposes individuals to low immunity (15) , increased by the establishment of co-infection, leading to hospitalization.…”

Fatores associados ao abandono do tratamento da tuberculose pulmonar no Maranhão, Brasil, no período de 2001 a 2010

“…O estudo de Campani et al 9 , em Porto Alegre, demonstrou resultados semelhantes: quase 75,9% dos casos tinham 7 anos ou menos de estudo. No estudo de Natal et al 23 (89,7%) e de Severo et al 24 , em São Paulo, o resultado foi de 77,8%.…”

Diferenças nas características clínicas e epidemiológicas entre os casos notificados por tuberculose na atenção primária e terciária

“…Quanto à escolaridade, os dois grupos se concentraram principalmente no nível de Ensino Fundamental, o que revela o baixo nível de escolaridade dos pacientes estudados, confirmando a tendência secular da doença, cuja incidência é maior em populações mais desfavorecidas (11) . A distribuição dos pacientes nos dois grupos investigados na presente pesquisa, com relação à faixa etária, esteve entre 16 e 59 anos, estando de acordo com outros estudos (11,12) e se assemelhando com a realidade brasileira, em que a TB atinge principalmente a população economicamente ativa (11) , conferindo significado social à doença.…”