Infecção pulmonar pelo Rhodococcus equi na síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida: Aspectos na tomografia computadorizada

Marchiori, Edson; Mendonça, Renato Gonçalves de; Capone, Domênico; Cerqueira, Elza Maria de; Júnior, Arthur Soares Souza; Zanetti, Gláucia; Escuissato, Dante L.; Gasparetto, Emerson L.

doi:10.1590/s1806-37132006000500006

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…In HIV- and non-HIV-infected patients with pulmonary disease by R. equi , areas of consolidation with cavitation are the most common radiological features 5 , 6 , 9 , 11 , 12 . Cavitation is found in more than 75% of cases and lung abnormalities are predominantly located in the upper lobes (55%) 11 , 12 . Similar to other HIV-infected patients, our patient had Rhodococcus equi pneumonia with cavitation, even though he was severely immunosuppressed, suggesting a direct action of the bacterium causing lung lesions, and not by the host's immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic cavitary pneumonia by Rhodococcus equi in a highly prevalent tuberculosis country: a diagnosis challenge

Vechi

Etg

et al. 2018

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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Rhodococcus equi is a facultative aerobic, intracellular, non-motile, non-spore-forming, Gram-positive, weakly acid-fast coccobacillus belonging to the group of nocardioform actinomycetes. R. equi infections are rare opportunistic illnesses in patients with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), associated with a high mortality rate. The most common clinical presentation of R. equi infections is a chronic cavitary pneumonia. Due to its acid-fastness, R. equi can be mistaken for others acid-fast organisms, as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In turn, R. equi is also a gram-positive pleomorphic bacteria and can be mistaken for diphtheroids or Micrococcus organisms, being accidentally disregarded as oral contaminants in sputum cultures. Therefore, in Brazil, a highly prevalent tuberculosis (TB) country, pulmonary infections caused by R. equi may mimic pulmonary TB and represent a diagnostic challenge. Here, we report on a case of chronic cavitary pneumonia by R. equi in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-infected patient, focusing on diagnostic aspects.

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