Leishmaniose visceral no Piauí, 2007-2019: análise ecológica de séries temporais e distribuição espacial de indicadores epidemiológicos e operacionais

Background Leishmaniases are vector borne diseases caused by Leishmania spp. parasites transmitted by female sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae) whose geographic distribution is influenced by environmental factors. Among the main tools for studying the distribution of vector species, modeling techniques are used to analyze the influence of climatic and environmental factors on the distribution of these insects and their association with human cases of the disease. Methodology/Principal findings Here, we used a multiscale ecological niche modeling approach to assess the environmental suitability of sandfly vectors of the etiological agents of Visceral (VL) and American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ACL) in Piauí state, northeastern Brazil, and then evaluated their relationship with human disease incidence. For this, we obtained the geographic coordinates of the vector species Lutzomyia longipalpis and Nyssomyia whitmani through literature review, online databases and unpublished records. These data were used for the development of predictive models of the distribution of both sandflies species based on climatic and environmental variables. Finally, the environmental suitability for the presence of these vectors was compared with the incidence of both the diseases at the municipality level. The final models for each sandfly species showed good predictive powers with performance metric values of 0.889 for Lu. longipalpis and 0.776 for Ny. whitmani. The areas with greater environmental suitability for the presence of these species were concentrated in the central-north region of Piauí and coincide with the location of those municipalities presenting higher incidences of VL and ACL, situated in the central-north and extreme north of the state, respectively. The south and southeast regions of Piauí state have low incidence of these diseases and presented low environmental suitability for the presence of both vectors. Conclusions/Significance We discuss how predictive modeling can guide entomological and epidemiological surveillances and recommend an increased supervision and control activities in Teresina (capital of the state of Piaui), Altos and Pedro II, in addition to other municipalities with similar social and environmental characteristics.

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Distribuição espaço-temporal da leishmaniose visceral no Brasil no período de 2007 a 2020

Nina,

Caldas,

Soeiro

et al. 2023

Revista Panamericana De Salud Pública

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Objetivo. Analisar a dinâmica da distribuição espacial e temporal da leishmaniose visceral no Brasil no período de 2007 a 2020. Métodos. Este estudo ecológico do padrão espacial dos casos de leishmaniose visceral ocorridos no Brasil de 2007 a 2020 utilizou dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação (SINAN). As variáveis analisadas foram o coeficiente de incidência da leishmaniose visceral e o índice composto da leishmaniose visceral (ICLV), a partir das quais foram construídos mapas temáticos trienais. Foi calculado o índice de Moran global, para verificar a existência de autocorrelação espacial, e o índice de Moran local, para delimitar áreas de maior e menor risco para adoecimento por leishmaniose visceral no Brasil. Resultados. No período estudado, ocorreram 48 705 casos de leishmaniose visceral, com incidência de 25,53 casos/100 000 habitantes. Em todos os blocos trienais, houve autocorrelação espacial, havendo municípios das regiões Norte e Nordeste com incidência igual ou superior a 50 casos/100 000 habitantes. Com relação ao ICLV, houve aumento do número de municípios considerados de baixo risco de transmissão e presença crescente do número de capitais com classificação de risco muito intenso. Conclusão. A incidência de leishmaniose visceral variou ao longo dos triênios. A região de fronteira entre Tocantins, Maranhão e Pará, juntamente com o estado do Ceará, destacou-se na distribuição espacial da incidência da doença e na estratificação de risco pelo ICLV. Tais localidades devem ser prioritárias para ações e serviços voltados à vigilância e ao controle da doença.

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Leishmaniose visceral no Piauí, 2007-2019: análise ecológica de séries temporais e distribuição espacial de indicadores epidemiológicos e operacionais

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Clinical-epidemiological aspects and prognostic factors associated with death from visceral leishmaniasis between the years 2010 to 2019 in the Central-West region of Brazil

Clinical-epidemiological aspects and prognostic factors associated with death from visceral leishmaniasis between the years 2010 to 2019 in the Central-West region of Brazil

Association between the potential distribution of Lutzomyia longipalpis and Nyssomyia whitmani and leishmaniasis incidence in Piauí State, Brazil

Distribuição espaço-temporal da leishmaniose visceral no Brasil no período de 2007 a 2020

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