“…The best treatment choice for severe OA is total joint replacement (TJR), which alleviates joint pain in patients and restores their physical functions, thereby improving their postoperative quality of life (QOL) (Fujita, Xia, Liu, Mawatari, & Makimoto, 2014). Total hip and knee arthroplasty are the most prevalent orthopaedic surgeries performed on adults and the elderly, and they are recommended when conservative therapy is no longer effective for joint dysfunction (Di Nubila, Matarazzo, Lopes-Albers, & Gobbi, 2011). In Taiwan, currently approximately 50 000 TJR procedures (mainly knee and hip joints) are administered each year, and this number is increasingly annually (Department of Health Insurance, 2016).…”