Inflammatory cytokines in leprosy reactions and periodontal diseases

Cortela, Denise Costa Boamorte; Costa, Maria Renata Sales Nogueira; Pereira, Ana Carla; Souza, Adriano Lopes de; Ignotti, Eliane

doi:10.1590/s1678-9946201860068

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…All patients included in this study signed the informed consent. is trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of e First People's Hospital of Wenling [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: General Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effects of Orthodontics on Anterior Tooth Displacement in Patients

Zhang

Cai

Ruan

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. The purpose of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of orthodontic treatment on anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease. Methods. A prospective study was performed in 86 patients with anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease. These patients were divided into the experimental group and the control group according to the intervention methods. For the control group, patients were treated with conventional therapy. The experimental group used straight wire orthodontic technique for orthodontic treatment on the basis of conventional treatment. Comparisons were performed between two groups in term of bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, tooth root length, inflammatory cytokines levels, and orthodontic satisfaction. Results. Comparison of bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, tooth root length, and inflammatory cytokines levels between two groups before treatment indicated that there were no statistical differences (all P > 0.05 ). After treatment, bleeding index, alveolar bone height, anterior tooth coverage, periodontal pocket depth, probing depth, clinical crown length, and serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group (all P < 0.05 ), while the serum level of IL-2 in the experimental group was more than that in the control group ( P < 0.05 ). Also, there was no difference for tooth root length between two groups. Moreover, compared with the control group, orthodontic satisfaction in the experimental group was significantly increased. Conclusion. The efficacy of orthodontic treatment in patients with anterior tooth displacement caused by periodontal disease is higher than that of only using conventional therapy, as it helps improve their periodontal health, alveolar bone height, clinical crown length, inflammatory factor levels, and orthodontic satisfaction of patients.

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“…All patients included in this study signed the informed consent. is trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of e First People's Hospital of Wenling [12][13][14][15].…”

Section: General Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the Effects of Orthodontics on Anterior Tooth Displacement in Patients

Zhang

Cai

Ruan

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…15 These reactions are characterized by sudden reactivation of immune responses with high levels of cytokines such as IL-1, IL-6, IL-12, IFN-and TNF. 16 Although a number of drugs are observed to be effective, corticosteroids are still the mainstay of treatment for leprosy reactions. 17 Bone loss is a serious side effect of this therapy which is mediated by direct inhibition of bone formation and increase in bone resorption.…”

Section: Discussionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone mineral density and fracture risk in leprosy affected people with leprosy reaction

Quyum¹,

Hasan²,

Rahman³

2020

LEPROSY

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Background: Bone health can be seriously affected by the leprosy reaction itself and steroids used in its treatment. Objective: To assess the bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan and fracture risk by the fracture risk assessment tool (FRAX) in steroid treated patients with leprosy reaction. Methods: This study involved 25 patients with leprosy reaction treated with steroids (prednisolone) and 22 healthy family members attending the urban leprosy clinics of The Leprosy Mission International -Bangladesh (TLMI-B) Dhaka program in January-March, 2018. Socio-demographic and clinical information was recorded and BMD was measured in the spine, femur neck and forearm by DXA. Fracture risk was calculated by FRAX. Results: Both the T-score and Z-score of the spine were lower in the leprosy group in relation to those of the control group [leprosy vs. control: T-score −1.7 (−3.2-1.3) vs. −1.2 (−2.5-0.8), p =0.030 and Z-score −1.9 (−3.3 to −1.4) vs. −1.2 (−2.3 to −0.2), p =0.038; median (interquartile range). In other regions (femur neck, forearm) both scores were similar between the two groups, except for Z-score of the left femur neck which was lower in the leprosy group (p =0.036). Although the frequency of osteopenia and osteoporosis in different sites was similar between groups, the 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture [leprosy vs. control: 2.2% (1.6-4.7) vs. 1.1% (0.9-2.0); p <0.001] or hip fracture [leprosy vs. control: 0.4% (0.1-1.7) vs. 0.1% (0.0-0.2); p =0.001] by FRAX was higher in the leprosy group. Conclusions: Participants with leprosy reactions and steroid treatment had lower BMD related parameters in lumber spine and higher risk of osteoporotic fracture.

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“…Such findings are consistent with the evidence described in the literature, in which dental coinfections, such as periodontitis, can influence certain diseases or systemic conditions. 10,21 The oral cavity in leprosy has been of interest for the clinical understanding of the disease since the nineteenth century. The concern was to investigate the frequency, location, evolution, size, and form, as the lesions were manifesting themselves in the maxillofacial complex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Currently, studies related to the importance of the role of the dental clinic in control of the disease and the presence of dental infections as predisposing conditions for reactional episodes stand out. 10,14,23,24 Motta et al 14 in evaluating clinical and laboratory parameters in leprosy patients and the presence of dental infections, observed clinical improvement in reaction signs and symptoms after 7 days of dental treatment, and suggested that oral infections in general could act to maintain the reactions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 -8 Similar pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IFN-g and IL-4, are found in both the immuno-pathological process of reactional episodes and chronic periodontal diseases. 9,10 Thus, the hypothesis that oral infections such as periodontal diseases may act as risk factors for leprosy reactions is plausible. It is known that the oral health of individuals with illness is compromised by a high DMFT index (decayed, missing, and filled teeth) and by serious gingival and periodontal problems in the different clinical forms of leprosy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Odontogenic infections and leprosy reactions: A case–control study

Cortela¹,

Costa²,

Souza³

et al. 2019

LEPROSY

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To analyze the association between reactional episodes in leprosy and clinical and radiographic parameters relating to dental and gingival-periodontal structures of oral health. Methods: Observational case-control study unpaired with multibacillary leprosy patients evaluated between August 2012 and January 2014 from three endemic Brazilian municipalities; patients with first leprosy reaction (cases) were compared to patients without leprosy reaction (controls). The independent variables were grouped into: sociodemographic, disease clinical characteristics, behavior and lifestyle and dental and gingival-periodontal conditions. Two dentists were assigned to the fieldwork and the Kappa statistic was calculated. Logistic regression with 95% confidence interval was carried out. Results: The study included 57 individuals, including 23 reaction cases (40•4%) and 34 controls (59•6%). Chronic periodontal disease (CPD) (OR aj ¼ 4•3; p ¼ 0•033); the necessity for tooth extraction (OR aj ¼ 23•4; p ¼ 0•006), the presence of bone loss (OR aj ¼ 6•5; p ¼ 0•030), the presence of periodontal pockets (OR aj ¼ 3•4; p ¼ 0•045) and a visit to the dentist (OR aj ¼ 0•3; p ¼ 0•014) are associated with reactional episodes in leprosy. Conclusions: The dental and gingival-periodontal parameters shown to be associated with reactional episodes in leprosy were the presence of teeth that need to be extracted, CPD, and the presence of a periodontal pocket. Alveolar bone reabsorption was a radiographic parameter associated with reactional episodes in leprosy.

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Inflammatory cytokines in leprosy reactions and periodontal diseases

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Study on the Effects of Orthodontics on Anterior Tooth Displacement in Patients

Study on the Effects of Orthodontics on Anterior Tooth Displacement in Patients

Bone mineral density and fracture risk in leprosy affected people with leprosy reaction

Odontogenic infections and leprosy reactions: A case–control study

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