Xylitol concentrations in artificial saliva after application of different xylitol dental varnishes

Abstract

Objective The present study analyzed xylitol concentrations in artificial saliva over time after application of varnishes containing 10% and 20% xylitol. Material and Methods Fifteen bovine enamel specimens (8x4 mm) were randomly allocated to 3 groups (n=5/group), according to the type of varnish used: 10% xylitol, 20% xylitol and no xylitol (control). After varnish application (4 mg), specimens were immersed in vials containing 500 µL of artificial saliva. Saliva samples were collected in different times (1, 8, 12, 16, 24, 48 and 72 h) and xylitol concentrations were analyzed. Data were assessed by two-way repeated-measures ANOVA (p<0.05). Results Colorimetric analysis was not able to detect xylitol in saliva samples of the control group. Salivary xylitol concentrations were significantly higher up to 8 h after application of the 20% xylitol varnish. Thereafter, the 10% xylitol varnish released larger amounts of that polyol in artificial saliva. Conclusions Despite the results in short-term, sustained xylitol releases could be obtained when the 10% xylitol varnish was used. These varnishes seem to be viable alternatives to increase salivary xylitol levels, and therefore, should be clinically tested to confirm their effectiveness.

Effect of xylitol varnishes on remineralization of artificial enamel caries lesions in vitro

“…Furthermore, varnish is a professional product whose application does not depend on the daily patient's compliance, which could favour its effect. Pereira et al 27 found significant higher xylitol concentrations released in saliva after application of a 20% xylitol varnish compared to a 10% xylitol varnish on a short-term basis (up to 8 h). This result is clinically relevant, since dental varnishes are usually removed from tooth surfaces after 6 to 12 h of application.…”

“…[24][25][26] Xylitolcontaining varnishes have been recently developed. They were shown to be effective to increase salivary xylitol levels 27 and to reduce erosion. 21 However, their effect in the remineralization of caries lesions has never been evaluated so far.…”

Selective hydrolysis of hemicellulose from wheat straw by a nanoscale solid acid catalyst

“…Derivatives of these sugars have been reported as important materials for industrial application (Krogell et al, 2013;Zhou et al, 2013). For example, xylitol that produced from hydrogenation of xylose is widely applied as a sweetener in the food and pharmaceutical industries (Faustino Pereira et al, 2012;Sarrouh & Da Silva, 2010); and furfural, which has been used in oil-refining and plastics industries, is generated from xylose via dehydrocyclization (Hua et al, 2013;Petrova et al, 2010;Sun, Yang, Wang, & Zhang, 2011); Arabinose is recently reported as a lowcalorie sweetener and inhibitor of sucrase (Mikkelsen et al, 2011).…”

Effects of experimental xylitol varnishes and solutions on bovine enamel erosion in vitro

“…One explanation is that the pores in the demineralized enamel surface do not allow penetration of high-concentration xylitol solutions (>20%). Pereira et al (23) showed that 10% xylitol varnish, when applied on enamel specimens, was able to promote better xylitol release in artificial saliva than 20% xylitol varnish. The authors did not test xylitol solutions.…”