Interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-8 in healthy and inflamed dental pulps

Abstract

After aggression to the dental pulp, some cells produce cytokines in order to start and control the inflammatory process. Among these cytokines, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) emerge as important ones. Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the location, distribution and concentration of these cytokines in healthy and inflamed dental pulps. Material and methods: Twenty pulps, obtained from healthy third molars (n=10) and from pulpectomies (n=10) were used for the study, with half of each group used for immunohistochemistry and half for protein extraction and ELISA assays. Fibroblasts obtained from healthy dental pulps, stimulated or not by Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS), in order to simulate aggression on the cell cultures, were also used and analyzed by ELISA for IL-1ß and IL-8 as complementary information. Data obtained from immunohistochemistry were qualitatively analyzed. Data obtained from ELISA assays (tissue and cells) were statistically treated by the t-test (p<0.05). Results: Immunohistochemically, it was observed that inflamed pulps were strongly stained for both cytokines in inflammatory cells, while healthy pulps were not immunolabeled. ELISA from tissues quantitatively confirmed the higher presence of both cytokines. Additionally, cultured pulp fibroblasts stimulated by LPS also produce more cytokines than the control cells. Conclusions: It may be concluded that inflamed pulps present higher amounts of IL-1ß and IL-8 than healthy pulps and that pulp fibroblasts stimulated by bacterial LPS produce higher levels of IL-1ß and IL-8 than the control group.

Dentin Matrix Protein-1 Activates Dental Pulp Fibroblasts

“…Previous studies (27,32) showed that LPS induced an increase in IL-6 and IL-8 levels from dental pulp fibroblasts, which is consistent with our findings. LPS and DMP-1 together had an additive effect on the production of IL-6 and IL-8 from the activated cells compared with when used separately, indicating a possible contribution of DMP-1 in the early stages of repair.…”

“…We also showed that inflamed pulps contained high levels of IL-6 and IL-8. Previous studies have also shown that IL-6 and IL-8 levels are increased in inflamed pulps (27,28). The expression of DMP-1 at the periphery of the dental pulp suggests its active involvement in the dentinal repair process.…”

“…Among these products, LPS is known for its proinflammatory effects. Pulp fibroblasts were activated for 6 hours with DMP-1 (10 ng/mL), LPS (10 ng/mL) (27), or the 2 stimuli simultaneously. Addition of LPS alone to pulp fibroblasts induced significant IL-6 ( Fig.…”

In vitro biocompatibility of ICON® and TEGDMA on human dental pulp stem cells

“…Concerning IL-8, also known as chemokine CXCL8, there is evidence that this mediator is responsible for immune cell recruitment including endothelial and epithelial cells, fibroblasts, chondrocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils [44]. Both cytokines are elevated in inflamed dental pulps compared to healthy pulp tissues [45,46]. We demonstrated that ICON lc induced a decrease of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and an increase of IL-8.…”

Comparative evaluation of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in pulpotomized primary molars

“…Effect of the type of pulp exposure on the success rates of the three pulpotomy agents (10,(12)(13)(14). One of those studies demonstrated a strong relationship between IL-8 expression and the presence of inflammatory cells (10), and Zehnder et al detected a positive correlation between IL-6 and IL-8 in inflamed pulp (13).…”