O papel da violência escolar no abandono da carreira docente: proposta de uma matriz analítica

Abstract

Resumo A violência escolar é tema de pesquisa no Brasil desde os anos 1980 e está entre os principais desafios enfrentados pela educação no país. O objetivo central deste artigo é discutir o papel das experiências de violência escolar no abandono da carreira docente. Para isso, entrevistamos uma ex-professora que, assim como muitas outras, abandonou a docência após sofrer exaustão emocional em decorrência das violências sofridas na escola. A partir da literatura e da investigação narrativa dos relatos da ex-docente, consideramos importante reconhecer que a violência escolar é uma experiência objetivamente regulada e subjetivamente vivida. Enquanto realidade objetivamente regulada, a violência pode ser classificada como crime, incivilidade e violência simbólica. Como experiência subjetivamente vivida, podemos distinguir diferentes graus de banalização que, no sentido empregado por Arendt, designa a superfluidade e a superficialidade das relações humanas em sistemas totalitários. Juntas, as duas dimensões, objetiva e subjetiva, formam o que denominamos matriz da violência escolar, uma ferramenta analítica potencialmente útil para investigar como a violência influencia os percursos profissionais docentes. Os resultados ainda permitiram entender como os diversos agentes escolares (alunos, diretor e a própria professora) participam da produção da violência escolar e como as partes envolvidas têm percepções conflitantes. Por fim, implicações na formação de professores são discutidas.

Addressing educational safety in Brazil: Social psychology approaches to mitigate school violence

“…The issue of violence in Brazilian schools has evolved into a critical and multifaceted concern, capturing the focused attention of academics, policymakers, and educators. In recent years, numerous studies and reports have illuminated the extent and intricacy of violence within school environments, emphasizing the need for a detailed understanding and effective responses (Garcia-Silva;Lima Junior, 2022;Trevisan, 2022;Unesco, 2019). This section aims to expand upon the current landscape of school violence in Brazil, weaving together the latest literature and research to offer a comprehensive and evidence-informed perspective.…”

“…The prevalence of school violence in Brazil has become a critical issue of concern, attracting increasing attention from a broad spectrum of stakeholders including academic researchers, policymakers, and educational practitioners. A growing body of literature, including recent studies and reports, has alarmingly pointed to a rise in violent incidents within educational environments, underscoring the urgency for a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of this complex issue (Garcia-Silva;Lima Junior, 2022;Trevisan, 2022;Unesco, 2019). This chapter is dedicated to an extensive exploration of school violence in Brazil, primarily through the lens of Bandura's social psychology, a significant theoretical framework that provides invaluable insights into the dynamics and prevention of violent behaviors (Bandura, 1973;Bandura, 1977;Bandura, 1990;Bandura, 1997).…”

Teachers’ lived experiences of school violence and their coping strategies

“…Teachers' lived experiences of school violence and their coping strategies discomfort, making them distance themselves from learners, as teaching has become no longer pleasurable (Garcia-Silva & Lima Junior, 2022). Moreover, teachers suffer from chronic health problems such as depression, stress, fear, sadness, shame, substance abuse, career changes, withdrawal, disengagement, resignation, anger, and the hardening of attitudes (Botha, 2018;WHO, 2019;Turanovic & Siennick, 2022).…”

Confronting school violence in Brazil: insights from social psychology for safer educational environments

“…Violence in Brazilian schools has emerged as a significant and multifaceted concern, drawing substantial attention from researchers, policymakers, and educators. Recent studies and reports have shed light on the extent and complexity of violence within the school environment, highlighting the urgent need for a comprehensive understanding and effective interventions (Garcia-Silva;Lima Junior, 2022;Trevisan, 2022;Unesco, 2019). This section aims to provide a broader and more in-depth exploration of the landscape of school violence in Brazil, integrating current literature and research in the field to offer an authoritative and evidence-based perspective.…”

“…School violence in Brazil is a pressing and multifaceted issue that has garnered significant attention from researchers, policymakers, and educators. The escalation of violence within the school environment, as documented in numerous studies and reports, calls for a comprehensive understanding and effective strategies to address this complex problem (Garcia-Silva;Lima Junior, 2022;Trevisan, 2022;Unesco, 2019). This article aims to provide an in-depth examination of school violence in Brazil by integrating Bandura's social psychology, a prominent theoretical framework that offers valuable insights into understanding and preventing violent behaviors (Bandura, 1973;Bandura, 1977;Bandura, 1990;Bandura, 1997).…”