The role of the cell adhesion molecules (integrins / cadherins) in prostate cancer

Drivalos, Alexandros; Papatsoris, Athanasios; Chrisofos, Michael; Efstathiou, Eleni; Dimopoulos, Meletios Α.

doi:10.1590/s1677-55382011000300002

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…Cadherin and catenin expression is altered in cancers 66 and there is evidence for an inhibitory role of connexins in the progression of primary tumours, despite suggestions of their enhancing tumour cell adhesion and migration in cancer invasion and metastasis. 67 Adherens junctions, desmosomes and gap junctions are found in the epididymis.…”

Section: Other Junctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why are epididymal tumours so rare?

Yeung¹,

Wang²,

Cooper³

2012

Asian J Androl

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Epididymal tumour incidence is at most 0.03% of all male cancers. It is an enigma why the human epididymis does not often succumb to cancer, when it expresses markers of stem and cancer cells, and constitutively expresses oncogenes, pro-proliferative and pro-angiogenic factors that allow tumour cells to escape immunosurveillance in cancer-prone tissues. The privileged position of the human epididymis in evading tumourigenicity is reflected in transgenic mouse models in which induction of tumours in other organs is not accompanied by epididymal neoplasia. The epididymis appears to: (i) prevent tumour initiation (it probably lacks stem cells and has strong anti-oxidative mechanisms, active tumour suppressors and inactive oncogene products); (ii) foster tumour monitoring and destruction (by strong immuno-surveillance and -eradication, and cellular senescence); (iii) avert proliferation and angiogenesis (with persistent tight junctions, the presence of anti-angiogenic factors and misplaced pro-angiogenic factors), which together (iv) promote dormancy and restrict dividing cells to hyperplasia. Epididymal cells may be rendered non-responsive to oncogenic stimuli by the constitutive expression of factors generally inducible in tumours, and resistant to the normal epididymal environment, which mimics that of a tumour niche promoting tumour growth. The threshold for tumour initiation may thus be higher in the epididymis than in other organs. Several anti-tumour mechanisms are those that maintain spermatozoa quiescent and immunologically silent, so the low incidence of cancer in the epididymis may be a consequence of its role in sperm maturation and storage. Understanding these mechanisms may throw light on cancer prevention and therapy in general.

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Section: Other Junctionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why are epididymal tumours so rare?

Yeung¹,

Wang²,

Cooper³

2012

Asian J Androl

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“…Progression of PCa to castrate resistant metastatic form is associated with the expression of cellular adhesion molecules, which mediate aberrant interactions between glandular epithelial cells and the extracellular matrix. There is an association between the expression of the E-cadherin/catenin complex and high grade PCa with ongoing clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of integrin antagonists showing promising results [2]. Moreover, autocrine and paracrine events regulated by nerve growth factor (NGF) and relevant receptors seem to play a significant role in prostate carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

PTEN and ERG Molecular Networks in Prostate Cancer

Papatsoris¹,

Fragkoulis²

2016

Med Surg Urol

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“…A number of potential preventive agents have been investigated in patients with HG-PIN, including hormones (flutamide, finasteride, leuprolide acetate) and antioxidants such as lycopene, selenium, and catechins. An association beween the E-cadherin/catenin complex and high-grade prostate cancer has been proved and the therapeutic potential of integrin antagonists is being evaluated by ongoing clinical trials with promising results (Drivalos et al, 2011). One of the most promising chemoprevention drugs is the selective oestrogen receptor modulator toremifene citrate (Ravery, 2009 (Montironi et al, 1999).…”

Section: Chemopreventionmentioning

confidence: 99%