Abstract:Purpose: Fowler and Stephens showed that by dividing the spermatic vessels a high intra-abdominal testis could be placed in the scrotum. Testicular atrophy is a potential complication of this technique. We conducted a systematic review to determine whether single or 2-stage Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy results in better testicular viability. Materials and Methods: We searched electronic databases, clinical trial registries and gray literature. We included reports describing boys younger than 18 years with a prim… Show more
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