Retroperitoneal less donor nephrectomy

Abstract

Donor nephrectomy with laparo-endoscopic single site (LESS) surgery has been reported via the transperitoneal approach. We describe a novel technique of retroperitoneal donor nephrectomy using a single surgical incision in the groin, below the abdominal skin crease or "bikini line". The LESS groin incision offers superior cosmesis, while the retroperitoneal approach has distinct advantages, such as the ability to identify the renal vessels early. The new procedure has been performed in two obese patients (body mass index 32 and 33 kg/m 2 , respectively). The operative times were 4 and 5 hours, warm ischemic times 135 and 315 seconds, blood loss 100 and 250 mL, and hospitalization 3 and 2 days, respectively. Retroperitoneal LESS donor nephrectomy through a single, inconspicuous groin incision is feasible and safe. Further evaluation of the technique in a larger patient cohort is indicated.

New insights into the stress corrosion cracking of carbon steel in ethanolic media

“…The crack shape is highly analogous to the cracks observed in CO-CO 2 -H 2 O or ammonia environments, where embrittlement by interstitials is known to promote cleavagetype SCC. [21,22,24,33,34] Color-coded EELS maps were generated to reveal the elemental composition along the entire crack. Figure 11 indicates a uniform Fe distribution around the crack tip, which reveals that this transgranular crack is in a ferrite grain.…”

“…[22,23] Furthermore, it has been observed that the potential range of SCC susceptibility is where maximum adsorption of CO occurs. [22,24] Reportedly, the critical potential window of FGE-SCC of carbon steel ranges from +0.025 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE) to +0.300 V SCE depending on the presence of chloride or methanol as impurities. [16,25] This potential range overlaps with the anodic overpotential required for ethanol electrochemical oxidation on Pt.…”

Single-Access Laparoscopic Surgery for Ileal Disease

“…Moreover, the longer distance from insertion to operative site and lack of manoeuvrability present additional challenges. These challenges have discouraged many surgeons from adopting this technique [5]. This prejudice has been reinforced by the expense of current commercial devices.…”