Neurourology & Female Urology

Abstract

Aims: This review aims to discuss: 1) the neurophysiology, highlighting the importance of the middle urethra, and treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI); 2) current injectable cell sources for minimally-invasive treatment; and 3) the potential of muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) for the delivery of neurotrophic factors. Methods: A PUB-MED search was conducted using combinations of heading terms: urinary incontinence, urethral sphincter, stem cells, muscle, adipose, neurotrophins. In addition, we will update the recent work from our laboratory.