Reconstructive Urology

Abstract

Objective: This work analyzed the renal function and structure in offspring rats that were submitted to maternal protein-calorie restriction during prenatal or lactation periods.Study design: Kidneys from adult offspring were studied. Animals from mothers that were submitted to food restriction were separated in 3 groups: control, prenatal restriction, and lactation restriction. Blood pressure, microalbuminuria, and glomerular filtration rate were determined. Kidney cortical remodeling was analyzed with stereology; volume-weighted glomerular volume and the number of glomeruli were estimated.Results: Adult prenatal restriction offspring showed enhanced microalbuminuria, decreased glomerular filtration rate, and hypertension; their kidneys showed a smaller number of hypertrophied glomeruli than control and lactation restriction animals.Conclusion: Maternal prenatal protein-calorie restriction in rats causes kidney disease in adult offspring, which is characterized by hypertension and renal dysfunction and suggests secondary kidney remodeling because of an impairment of glomerulogenesis. Editorial CommentThis is one more important study from the State University of Rio de Janeiro on the effects of maternal protein and energy malnutrition during prenatal or lactation periods.After an extensive study using different methodologies, the authors found that rats prenatally submitted to undernutrition became hypertensive and proteinuric. On the other hand, the effects on the renal function and blood pressure are not evident when the protein-calorie restriction takes place after birth. Curr Opin Urol. 2004; 14: 335-8 Purpose of Review: The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent peer review literature and provide expert opinion about the diagnosis and treatment of sling erosions. Dr. Francisco J.B. SampaioRecent Findings: The incidence of sling erosion depends partly on the composition of the sling. Synthetic slings, particularly those made of woven polyester and other tightly woven material erode 15 times more often than autologous, allograft and zenograft slings. The presenting symptoms for all types of sling erosions include