Primary large cell prostate neuroendocrine carcinoma with central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Başataç, Cem; Sağlam, Sezer; Aktepe, Fatima; Akpınar, Haluk

doi:10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2019.0180

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Interestingly, this patient did not endorse any urinary symptoms and his elevated PSA of 11.49 was not detected until his malignancy workup. A third case was reported that demonstrated a patient presenting initially with central diabetes insipidus which later revealed LCNEC with parietal and cerebellar metastases ( 13 ). The patient initially improved with desmopressin and lyophilisate, however, he subsequently developed nephrogenic DI related to dexamethasone administration that was not responsive to desmopressin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate

Nguyen,

Franz,

Mohammed

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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BackgroundLarge cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) is a rare subtype of prostate cancer. The pathogenesis, clinical manifestation, treatment options, and prognosis are uncertain and underreported.Materials and methodsA systematic search was conducted in April 2022 through PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane. We reviewed cases of LCNEC developed either from de novo or transformation from prostate adenocarcinoma and summarized the relevant pathophysiological course, treatment options, and outcomes.ResultsA total of 25 patients with a mean age of 70.4 (range 43 87 years old) from 18 studies were included in this review. 13 patients were diagnosed with de novo LCNEC of the prostate. 12 patients were from the transformation of adenocarcinoma post-hormonal therapy treatment. Upon initial diagnosis, patients diagnosed with de novo prostatic LCNEC had a mean serum PSA value of 24.6 ng/ml (range: 0.09-170 ng/ml, median 5.5 ng/ml), while transformation cases were significantly lower at 3.3 ng/ml (range: 0-9.3 ng/ml, median 0.05 ng/ml). The pattern of metastasis closely resembles prostate adenocarcinoma. Six out of twenty-three cases displayed brain metastasis matching the correlation between neuroendocrine tumors and brain metastasis. Three notable paraneoplastic syndromes included Cushings syndrome, dermatomyositis, and polycythemia. Most patients with advanced metastatic disease received conventional platinum-based chemotherapy with a mean survival of 5 months. There was one exception in the transformation cohort with a somatic BRCA2 mutation who was treated with a combination of M6620 and platinum-based chemotherapy with an impressive PFS of 20 months. Patients with pure LCNEC phenotype have worse survival outcomes when compared to those with mixed LCNEC and adenocarcinoma phenotypes. It is unclear whether there is a survival benefit to administering ADT in pure pathologies.ConclusionLCNEC of the prostate is a rare disease that can occur de novo or transformation from prostatic adenocarcinoma. Most patients present at an advanced stage with poor prognosis and are treated with conventional chemotherapy regimens. Patients who had better outcomes were those who were diagnosed at an early stage and received treatment with surgery or radiation and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). There was one case with an exceptional outcome that included a treatment regimen of M6620 and chemotherapy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate

Nguyen,

Franz,

Mohammed

et al. 2024

Front. Oncol.

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“…4 To date, only 23 of these cases have been reported, including ours (Table 1 ). 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 Of these cases, half had a history of long‐standing ADT for conventional‐type prostate AC, suggesting acquired neuroendocrine differentiation. The rest is considered as de novo LCNEC, which can be classified into two types: pure and combined with AC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo large‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate: A case report and literature review

et al. 2022

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Abbreviations & Acronyms AC = adenocarcinoma ADT = androgen deprivation therapy AR = androgen receptor CT = computed tomography LCNEC = large-cell neuroendocrine cell carcinoma LH-RH = luteinizing hormonereleasing hormone LUTS = lower urinary tract symptoms MRI = magnetic resonance imaging N/R = not reported PBx = prostate biopsy PSA = prostate-specific antigen SCLC = small cell lung cancer SCNEC = small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma TURBT = transurethral resection of the bladder tumor TURP = transurethral resection of the prostate ULN = upper limit of normal range WHO = World Health Organization

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Primary large cell prostate neuroendocrine carcinoma with central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Cited by 2 publications

References 10 publications

A systematic review of primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate

A systematic review of primary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate

De novo large‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the prostate: A case report and literature review

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