Human glutathione S-transferase polymorphisms associated with prostate cancer in the Brazilian population

Abstract

ARTICLE INFO ______________________________________________________________ ______________________Objective: To evaluate the influence of polymorphisms in GSTA1, GSTM1, GSTT1, and GSTP1 in the risk of developing Prostate Cancer (PCa) in a population of Rio de Janeiro and compare the distribution of allele and genotype frequencies of the polymorphisms analyzed in the present study population with other regions in the country and different ethnic groups. Conclusion:The distribution of genotype frequencies of the polymorphism GSTA1 was statistically different between the case and control groups (p = 0.023), and the presence of genotypes A / B and B / B suggests a protective role against the risk of PCa compared to genotype A / A. This is the first study that reports the genotypic frequency of this polymorphism and its association with PCa in a Brazilian population sample.

State of Art of Cancer Pharmacogenomics in Latin American Populations

“…Mutations in the BRCA1/2 and MTHFR genes in Latin Americans were associated with breast and ovarian cancer [89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,98,99,100,101,102,103], also observed in Asians and Caucasians [104,105,106,107]. Mutations in the CYP1A1 , GSTM1 , MTHFR , SRD5A2 , AR , and GSTA1 genes were relevant in prostate cancer in Latin Americans [108,109,110,111,112], also determined in Caucasians and Asians [113,114,115,116,117,118,119,120,121]. The IL-1 , TP53 , WNT , 8q24 region and IL-8 genes were consistent with gastric cancer in Latin Americans [122,123,124,125,126], as well as in some Asians and Caucasians [127,128,129,130].…”

Glutathione S-Transferase T1 and M1 Gene Polymorphisms among Breast Cancer Susceptible Ghanaians

“…Of these genes, glutathione S-transferase (GST), which is a principal player in detoxification pathways has been propelled into the limelight [15,16]. Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a superfamily of phase II drugmetabolism enzymes that play an important role in detoxifying many carcinogens and reactive metabolite intermediates which potentially damage cells and lead to cancers including that of the breast [17,18]. GSTs, which are induced under conditions of oxidative stress including increased environmental carcinogenic perturbations [19], are highly polymorphic and individuals with different GST genotypes are reported to show varying responses to environmental toxins or their metabolic intermediates [20].…”

“…The noted GST polymorphism and its association with risk of developing breast cancer has been a focus for research scientists and has drawn growing attention but the results have been varying and inconclusive [23]. GSTM1 gene polymorphism has been associated with point mutation and shows variable distribution among populations [17,20]. Research evidence has attempted linking null expression of GSTM1 to deletion of the gene and homozygosity implicated in poor prognosis of cancers [17].…”

“…GSTM1 gene polymorphism has been associated with point mutation and shows variable distribution among populations [17,20]. Research evidence has attempted linking null expression of GSTM1 to deletion of the gene and homozygosity implicated in poor prognosis of cancers [17]. Accumulated evidence has revealed a strong association between complete deletion of GSTT1 gene or amino acids substitution and malfunction of the enzyme in humans [24].…”

Utilidade da ressonância magnética multiparamétrica de próstata e da biópsia guiada na estratificação de risco em pacientes com câncer de próstata candidatos à vigilância ativa

“…No Brasil, o CP é a neoplasia mais incidente na população masculina, quando se exclui o câncer de pele, e é a segunda causa de morte por câncer entre os homens. Estima-se que entre 2012 e 2013 tenham sido diagnosticados 61.200 novos casos de CP no país com uma estimativa de que tenham ocorrido 13.773 mortes pela doença (Sa et al, 2014).…”