Leaf anatomy changes related to physiological adaptations to flooding in Amazonian tree species

Herrera, Ana; Escala, Marcia; Rengifo, Elizabeth

doi:10.1590/s1677-04202009000400006

Cited by 12 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…In the Mapire igapó, as observed in tolerant trees of the Solimões River igapó (Waldhoff and Furch, 2002; Waldhoff, 2009), leaf anatomy remained practically unchanged regardless of phase of the flood cycle (Herrera et al, 2009; Figure 9). Emerged leaves under FF are apparently new and, using lack of sediment deposition as an indicator, produced by branches not covered by water.…”

Section: Leaf Anatomy Remains Unchanged Under Floodingmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…A xeromorphic leaf anatomy, such as described for drought-tolerant trees (Roth and Lindorf, 1991), was observed, with abundant sclerenchyma separating mesophyll sections into areoles, and no aerenchyma formation (Herrera et al, 2009). The significance of the occurrence of heterobaric leaves in this environment is unclear and merits further investigation.…”

Section: Leaf Anatomy Remains Unchanged Under Floodingmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Leaves collected in the Mapire igapó at FW from trees on drained soil and trees under flooding had few differences in proportional tissue thickness, the sole significant ones being a reduction in whole-leaf thickness of E. tenuifolia , P. orinocoensis , and S. paniculata and a change in relative thickness of parenchymata in E. tenuifolia (Herrera et al, 2009). These results contrast with observations done on the tropical species Alchornea triplinervia (Roças and Scarano, 2001), where palisade and spongy parenchymata of flooded plants growing in the field were 1.4 times as thin as those in unflooded plants.…”

Section: Leaf Anatomy Remains Unchanged Under Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses to flooding of plant water relations and leaf gas exchange in tropical tolerant trees of a black-water wetland

Herrera

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

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This review summarizes the research on physiological responses to flooding of trees in the seasonal black-water wetland of the Mapire River in Venezuela. Inter-annual variability was found during 8 years of sampling, in spite of which a general picture emerged of increased stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic rate (PN) during the flooded period to values as high as or higher than in plants in drained wet soil. Models explaining the initial inhibitory responses and the acclimation to flooding are proposed. In the inhibitory phase of flooding, hypoxia generated by flooding causes a decrease in root water absorption and stomatal closure. An increase with flooding in xylem water potential (ψ) suggests that flooding does not cause water deficit. The PN decreases due to changes in relative stomatal and non-stomatal limitations to photosynthesis; an increase in the latter is due to reduced chlorophyll and total soluble protein content. Total non-structural carbohydrates (TNC) accumulate in leaves but their content begins to decrease during the acclimatized phase at full flooding, coinciding with the resumption of high gs and PN. The reversal of the diminution in gs is associated, in some but not all species, to the growth of adventitious roots. The occurrence of morpho-anatomical and biochemical adaptations which improve oxygen supply would cause the acclimation, including increased water absorption by the roots, increased rubisco and chlorophyll contents and ultimately increased PN. Therefore, trees would perform as if flooding did not signify a stress to their physiology.

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Section: Leaf Anatomy Remains Unchanged Under Floodingmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Leaf Anatomy Remains Unchanged Under Floodingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Leaf Anatomy Remains Unchanged Under Floodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Responses to flooding of plant water relations and leaf gas exchange in tropical tolerant trees of a black-water wetland

Herrera

2013

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…No entanto, Herrera et al (2009) verifi caram diminuição dos valores na AFE em espécies arbóreas amazônicas submetidas a alagamento sazonal, condição a que estão expostos os indivíduos na zona de fundo da vereda, mostrando que este fator também pode infl uenciar quantitativamente a anatomia foliar.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Análise comparativa da anatomia foliar de Melastomataceae em ambiente de vereda e cerrado sensu stricto

Somavilla

Graciano‐Ribeiro

2011

Acta Bot. Bras.

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ABSTRACT(Comparative analysis of Melastomataceae leaf anatomy in palm swamp and cerrado sensu stricto environments). Th is study describes the anatomy of the leaf blade of three species of Melastomataceae, Lavoisiera bergii Cogn., Macairea radula (Bonpl.) DC. and Trembleya parvifl ora (D. Don) Cogn., which colonize the fl ooded and open areas of a lower zone of palm swamp, and the M. radula and T. parvifl ora, which occur in cerrado sensu stricto, of the Estação Ecológica de Águas Emendadas, Planaltina, DF. Structural data of the three species indicate sclerophylly with particular characteristics to each of them, such as projections on epidermal cells of L. bergii, diff erent types and position of emergencies in L. bergii and M. radula and the protrusion in the epidermis of T. parvifl ora. Anatomical characterization of the leaves of M. radula and T. parvifl ora did not diff er between environments. However, the leaf blades of individuals of M. radula and T. parvifl ora found in the palm swamp showed plasticity in relation to individuals from the cerrado sensu stricto. Signifi cantly higher values (P ≤ 0.05) for the thickness of the mesophyll and chlorophyll parenchyma, leaf mass and specifi c leaf mass were found in the palm swamp. Th is relationship is reversed for values of specifi c leaf area. Th e ability to provide structural plasticity together with sclerophylly may be relevant to the invasive behavior of these species in the palm swamp as emphasized in the discussion. Moreover, this work also presents a brief discussion of other aspects related to the importance of anatomical structures in the taxonomy and ecology of these species.

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“…Besides light, other abiotic factors such as seasonal variations in temperature and water may greatly influence photosynthetic performance and plant anatomy (Gratani et al, 2008;Herrera et al, 2009). Usually in the dry season there is a reduction in photosynthetic assimilation and transpiration as a consequence of reduced stomatal conductance .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photosynthetic performance and anatomical adaptations in Byrsonima sericea DC. under contrasting light conditions in a remnant of the Atlantic forest

Silva

Oliveira

Cunha

et al. 2010

Braz. J. Plant Physiol.

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The photosynthetic dynamics of the tropical pioneer species, Byrsonima sericea DC., were studied during the regeneration process of a native forest by evaluating ecophysiological (gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic pigment contents) and anatomical parameters of plants in sunny and shady environments. Ecophysiological evaluations were carried out monthly for one year, encompassing both a dry and a rainy season. Byrsonima sericea DC. presents anatomical plasticity that enables it to establish in environments with contrasting light regimes. In sunny conditions, it produced a thicker leaf (about 420 mm) and flat adaxial epidermis, whilst in the shade, leaves had a thinner convex adaxial epidermis (about 395 mm). No differences were found in the compositions of the pigments in the different environments, however, during the dry season, the plants presented a significantly higher concentration of photosynthetic pigments. In the sun, plants showed decreases in Fv/F0 ratio (in the rainy season) and NPQ (in the dry season), but no difference was observed between plants that were in the sun or in the shade. A significantly higher net photosynthetic rate was found only in the rainy season in the plants in the sun, compared to shaded plants (9.9±0.8 and 7.4±0.3 μmol m -2 s -1 , respectively). Significant increase in transpiration was observed in plants in the shade during the dry season, but no alterations were observed in the water use efficiency. Ecophysiological data suggest that mainly plants overexposed to the sun underwent water limitations during the dry season and that, in the rainy season, these plants increased their net photosynthetic rate, possibly due to the greater drainage force resulting from increased growth during this period. Data suggest that anatomic alterations, namely the convex adaxial epidermis, could aid in the supply of light to shaded plants during both seasons, precluding changes in the pigments, such as the increase in chlorophyll b usually observed in shaded plants, but not detected in the present study. Another consequence of the greater quantity of light captured by these shade plants is that during the dry season their net photosynthetic rate was not different from that of plants in a sunny environment. However, when water was not a limiting factor, a better photosynthetic performance was observed in this pioneer specie in open spaces.Key words: Atlantic forest species; photosynthetic adaptation; leaf anatomy; sun overexposure; shaded plants. RESUMOA dinâmica fotossintética da espécie pioneira tropical Byrsonima sericea DC. foi estudada durante o processo de regeneração de uma mata nativa por avaliações ecofisiológicas (trocas gasosas, fluorescência da clorofila a e conteúdo de pigmentos fotossintéticos) e parâmetros anatômicos das plantas em ambientes ensolarados e sombreados. As avaliações ecofisiológicas foram feitas mensalmente por um ano e os dados foram agrupados em estação seca e chuvosa. Byrsonima sericea DC. apresentou plasticidade anatômica que a ...

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Leaf anatomy changes related to physiological adaptations to flooding in Amazonian tree species

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Responses to flooding of plant water relations and leaf gas exchange in tropical tolerant trees of a black-water wetland

Responses to flooding of plant water relations and leaf gas exchange in tropical tolerant trees of a black-water wetland

Análise comparativa da anatomia foliar de Melastomataceae em ambiente de vereda e cerrado sensu stricto

Photosynthetic performance and anatomical adaptations in Byrsonima sericea DC. under contrasting light conditions in a remnant of the Atlantic forest

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