Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome: an updated overview

Cendes, Fernando

doi:10.1590/s1676-26492005000300006

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…3, a transient increase in SC1 signal was detected at 1 day post‐SE in a subset of neurons of the CA1, CA3, and hilus. In patients with TLE, these regions demonstrate increased susceptibility to neuronal damage (Cendes 2005). In the pilocarpine model of TLE, neuronal degeneration is also greatest in these regions (Cavalheiro 1995).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix protein SC1/hevin in the hippocampus following pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus

Lively

Brown

2008

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus (SE) mimics many features of temporal lobe epilepsy and is a useful model to study neural changes that result from prolonged seizure activity. In this study, distribution of the anti‐adhesive extracellular matrix protein SC1 was examined in the rat hippocampus following SE. Western blotting showed decreased levels of SC1 protein in the week following SE. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated that the decrease in overall SC1 protein levels was reflected by a reduction of SC1 signal in granule cells of the dentate gyrus. Interestingly, levels of SC1 protein in neurons of the seizure‐resistant CA2 sector of the hippocampus did not change throughout the seizure time course. However, at 1 day post‐SE, a subset of neurons of the hippocampal CA1, CA3, and hilar regions, which are noted for extensive neuronal degeneration after SE, exhibited a transient increase in SC1 signal. Neurons exhibiting enhanced SC1 signal were not detected at 7 days post‐SE. The cellular stress response was also examined. A prominent induction of heat‐shock protein (Hsp70) and Hsp27 was detected following SE, while levels of constitutively expressed Hsp40, Hsp90, Hsp110, and Hsc70 showed little change at the time points examined. The subset of neurons that demonstrated a transient increase in SC1 colocalized with the cellular stress marker Hsp70, the degeneration marker Fluoro‐Jade B, and the neuron activity marker activity‐regulated cytoskeleton‐associated protein (Arc). Taken together, these findings suggest that SC1 may be a component of the ‘matrix response’ involved in remodeling events associated with neuronal degeneration following neural injury.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular matrix protein SC1/hevin in the hippocampus following pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus

Lively

Brown

2008

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…Temporal lobe epilepsy is the most common form of partial epilepsy in adolescents and adults. It is estimated that TLE represents almost half of all epileptic seizures in adults ( 21 ). Similarly, the age at onset fluctuated by a wide margin in this study, possibly because TLE is a disease with different genetic and environmental factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promoter Variants of the ADAM10 Gene and Their Roles in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

et al. 2016

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Previous evidence has indicated that downregulated ADAM10 gives rise to epileptic seizures in Alzheimer’s disease, and this study investigated the association of ADAM10 with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) from a genetic perspective. A total of 496 TLE patients and 528 healthy individuals were enrolled and genotyped for ADAM10 promoter variants (rs653765 G > A and rs514049 A > C). The alleles, genotypes, and haplotypes were then compared with clarify the association of these variants with TLE and their impacts upon age at onset, initial seizure types before treatments, and responses to drug treatments. In cohorts I, II, and I + II, the frequencies of the A allele and AA genotype at rs514049 were consistently increased in the cases compared with the controls (p = 0.020 and p = 0.009; p = 0.008 and p = 0.009; p = 0.000 and p = 0.000; q = 0.003 and q = 0.002, respectively). In contrast, the frequency of the AC haplotype (rs653765–rs514049) decreased in cohorts I + II (p = 0.013). Further analyses of the TLE patients indicated that the AA genotype functioned as a predisposing factor to drug-resistant TLE and the AC haplotype as a protective factor against generalized tonic–clonic seizures (GTCS) and drug-resistant TLE. This study is the first to demonstrate an association of the ADAM10 promoter variants with TLE. In particular, the AA genotype and AC haplotype showed their effects upon GTCS and drug-resistant TLE.

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“…Another needle steering application, yet to be investigated, is laser interstitial thermal therapy (LiTT). LiTT provides a minimally invasive alternative to conventional open surgery [11] for drug-resistant mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE), which is the most common drugrefractory focal epilepsy [12]. Selective amygdalohippocampal complex (AHC) ablation with LiTT is currently performed by means of a straight catheter featuring a laser tip which is inserted through the brain along the longitudinal axis of the hippocampus to the anterior border of the amygdala.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computer Assisted Planning for Curved Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy

Pinzi

Vakharia

Hwang

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

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Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LiTT) is a minimally invasive alternative to conventional open surgery for drugresistant focal mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Recent studies suggest that higher seizure freedom rates are correlated with maximal ablation of the mesial hippocampal head, whilst sparing of the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG) may reduce neuropsychological sequelae. Current commercially available laser catheters are inserted following manually planned straight-line trajectories, which cannot conform to curved brain structures, such as the hippocampus, without causing collateral damage or requiring multiple insertions. Objectives: The clinical feasibility and potential of curved LiTT trajectories through steerable needles has yet to be investigated. This is the focus of our work. Methods: We propose a GPU-accelerated computer-assisted planning (CAP) algorithm for steerable needle insertions that generates optimized curved 3D trajectories with maximal ablation of the amygdalohippocampal complex and minimal collateral damage to nearby structures, while accounting for a variable ablation diameter (5 − 15mm). Results: Simulated trajectories and ablations were performed on 5 patients with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS), which were identified from a prospectively managed database. The algorithm generated obstacle-free paths with significantly greater target area ablation coverage and lower PHG ablation variance compared to straight line trajectories. Conclusions: The presented CAP algorithm returns increased ablation of the amygdalohippocampal complex, with lower patient risk scores compared to straight-line trajectories. Significance: This is the first clinical application of preoperative planning for steerable needle based LiTT. This study suggests that steerable needles have the potential to improve LiTT procedure efficacy whilst improving the safety and should thus be investigated further.

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Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome: an updated overview

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Extracellular matrix protein SC1/hevin in the hippocampus following pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus

Extracellular matrix protein SC1/hevin in the hippocampus following pilocarpine‐induced status epilepticus

Promoter Variants of the ADAM10 Gene and Their Roles in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Computer Assisted Planning for Curved Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy

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