O gênero Euastrum (Zygnemaphyceae) no estado de São Paulo: levantamento florístico

Abstract

Knowledge of diversity of the desmid genus Euastrum (Desmidiales, Zygnemaphycae) in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil was, up to now, considered extremely poor, including that of its geographical distribution in the area. Floristic survey of the genus in the state of São Paulo is based on 450 sample units collected during the period 1963-2001, that are deposited at the Herbário Científico do Estado "Maria Eneyda P. Kauffmann Fidalgo" (SP) of the Instituto de Botânica. Euastrum specimens were identified from 32 localities. Thirty-six species, 23 varieties that are not the typical of their respective species, and 7 taxonomic formae that also are not the typical of their respective varieties were identified, totaling 48 taxa for the state. Twenty-six out of the 48 taxa were presently cited for the first time for the state of São Paulo and 5 most probably are new species. Simultaneously, 114 taxa that were cited in the specialized literature and form an inaccurate list of the Euastrum representatives for the state were evaluated. Such an evaluation resulted in a list of taxa that were excluded due to the fact that they do not have information enough for their taxonomic identification confirmation, and in the maintenance of 23 other taxa. Taxonomic identifications were based, whenever possible, on various sized populations and on the classical metric and morphological characteristics of the cell, aiming at best identifying all intra-and interpopulation variability. For each taxon identified the following information was provided: complete bibliographical reference to the paper containing its original description and/or diagnosis, detailed morphological description, measures that are of interest for their taxonomical identification, list of samples in which the taxon was found, geographical distribution in the state of São Paulo, taxonomical comments, and illustrations. Every synonym cited in the São Paulo state specialized literature and in the case it exists, also the basyonym was provided. Euastrum denticulatum (Kirchn.) Gay var. rectangulare West & West, E. denticulatum (Kirchn.) Gay var. quadrifarium Krieg., and E. ansatum Ehr. ex Ralfs var. ansatum f. ansatum were the species that showed the broadest geographical distribution in the state; and E. minus (W. West) Krieg., E. intermedium Cleve var. longicolle Borge, and Euastrum sp. 3 were the ones of rarest occurrence. Euastrum ansatum Ehr. ex Ralfs and E. sibiricum Boldt showed a very high degree of intra-and inter-population polymorphism which, however, did not affect its taxonomic identification. Identifications of Euastrum sp. 1, Euastrum sp. 2, Euastrum, sp. 3, Euastrum sp. 4, and Euastrum sp. 5 are still conditional, but they may result in taxonomical novelties pending on the analysis of a greater number of individual specimens to assure the stability, at population level, of the characteristics presently considered diagnostic. Finally, especial emphasis was given to the importance of examining populations during the process of taxonomic ...

Novos registros de táxons dos gêneros Euastrum Ehrenb. ex Ralfs e Micrasterias C. Agardh ex Ralfs (Zygnematophyceae, Desmidiaceae) para a Bahia e o Brasil

“…Distribuição geográfica no Brasil: São Paulo (Schetty 2002). Célula 1,1-1,8 vezes mais longa que larga,40-47,5 μm compr., 22-40 μm larg., lobo apical 15-20 μm larg., istmo 9-15 μm larg., semicélula piramidal, ângulos subquadráticos, ângulos apical arredondados, incisão mediana estreita, moderadamente profunda; parede celular hialina, pontuada.…”

“…Distribuição geográfica no Brasil: Amazonas ; Mato Grosso (Borge 1903); São Paulo (Schetty 2002). Material examinado: BRASIL, BAHIA, Mata de São João, APA Litoral Norte, 11.I.2009, (HUEFS 155608); Esplanada, APA Litoral Norte, 14.II.2009, (HUEFS 155613, HUEFS 155616); Entre Rios, APA Litoral Norte, 26.VII.2009, (HUEFS 155759); Conde, APA Litoral Norte, 2.VIII.2009, (HUEFS 155798, HUEFS 155802).…”

Desmídias perifíticas de cinco lagoas do Distrito Federal, Brasil: II - Gêneros Euastrum Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, Micrasterias C. Agardh ex Ralfs e Triploceras Bailey

“…Normalmente há um cloroplasto por semicélula, com um ou mais pirenoides (Bicudo & Menezes 2006, Guiry 2014. Lenzenweger (1996), Schetty (2002), Oliveira et al (2009) e Felisberto & Rodrigues (2008. Para cada indivíduo encontrado foram registradas medidas de comprimento (compr.…”

“…51-100 mm) e grandes (compr. > 100 mm), de acordo com Schetty (2002). (Borge 1903), Mato Grosso (Borge 1903, 1918, Freitas & Loverde-Oliveira 2013, Goiás (Förster 1964), São Paulo (Marinho & Sophia 1997, Schetty 2002); e no Distrito Federal: Lagoa Bonita (Leite 1990 Os indivíduos amostrados estão de acordo com Borge (1903) e Förster (1964.…”