Ecohydrology for compensation of Global Change

Abstract

Water in the XXI century has become the primary factor for sustainable development, eradication of poverty and reversal of ecosystem degradation. Increasing water demand for agriculture and urbanisation, combined with pollution, eutrophication and amplification of the stochastic character of climatic processes, increases water limitations for ecosystems and societies. The transdisciplinary science of Ecohydrology, which has been developed in the framework of the International Hydrological Programme of UNESCO, provides a systemic approach, to regulate hydrology-ecosystemsociety interplay towards: 1) slowing down the transfer of water from the atmosphere to the sea, still considered as a priority to reduce the severity of floods and droughts impact; 2) reducing input and regulating the allocation of excess nutrients and pollutants to aquatic ecosystems, toward reversing ecosystems degradation and improvement of human well being; and 3) harmonisation of ecosystem potential with societal needs within the framework of IWRM.Keywords: ecohydrology, global change, catchment, dual regulation. Ecohidrologia como compensação às mudanças globais ResumoA Água no século XXI tornou-se o fator primordial para o desenvolvimento sustentável, a erradicação da pobreza e as iniciativas para reverter à degradação dos ecossistemas. O aumento da demanda de águas para a agricultura e urbanização, eutrofização e poluição e a amplificação do caráter estocástico dos processos climáticos aumenta o limite de água disponível para os ecossistemas e as sociedades. A ciência transdisciplinar da Ecohidrologia, que se desenvolve no arcabouço do Programa Hidrológico Internacional da UNESCO, proporciona uma abordagem sistêmica na regulação das interações hidrologia-ecossistema e sociedade. Esta abordagem dá-se através dos seguintes processos e ações: 1) iminuindo a transferência da água da atmosfera para os oceanos, considerando-se esta ação como prioridade para reduzir a severidade das enchentes e secas; 2) Reduzindo a eutrofização e poluição dos sistemas aquáticos continentais revertendo a degradação do ecossistema e melhorando o bem estar humano; e 3) Harmonização do potencial dos ecossistemas com as necessidades da sociedade no arcabouço do programa Gerenciamento Integradas de Recursos Hídricos.Palavras-chave: ecohidrologia, mudanças globais, bacia hidrográfica, regulação dupla.

One- And Two-Dimensional Ecohydraulic Modeling of Formoso River (Mg)

“…In this context, the use of instream habitat models (TONINA & JORDE, 2013;ZALEWSKI, 2010) is important, as they integrate hydraulic and biological models to predict the available habitat for aquatic species as a function of flow variation (IM et al, 2011). It is possible to find models that use different techniques, such as diffuse, multivariate and fuzzy logic approaches, and that allow the inclusion of the interaction between ecological variables (BOAVIDA et al, 2014;BENJANKAR et al, 2012;DARAIO et al, 2010;SILVA, 2010), including water quality parameters, such as temperatures, dissolved oxygen levels, biochemical oxygen demands and nutrients (SOUZA et al, 2014;MARSILI-LIBELLI et al, 2013;AYLLÓN et al, 2012b), among other potentialities.…”

Promoting the integration of Engineering, Ecology and Limnology: the Ecohydrological approach applied to Amazon reservoir construction

“…Engineering procedures, ecohydrological principles and limnological approaches are not incompatible (Zalewski, 2010(Zalewski, , 2014.…”

Ecohydrology for Ethiopia — regulation of water biota interactions for sustainable water resources and ecosystem services for societies

“…Finally, the regulation of water biota processes is called the third, ecological engineering principle. The theory and implementations of Ecohydrology has been developed in the framework of International Hydrological Programme of UNESCO (Zalewski et al 1997;Zalewski 2000;2002a, 2010Zalewski Wagner-Lotkowska 2004;Chicharo et al 2001;Zalewski, McClain 1998).…”