Desenvolvimento ovariano e influência da cópula na maturação dos ovários de Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

Abstract

-As many other insects with a restricted diet, the citrus psyllid Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, which vector the causing agent of the Huanglongbing, the bacteria Candidatus Liberibacter spp., is intimately associated with symbiotic microorganisms. These mutualist symbionts play a key role on their host nutritional ecology, and are vertically transmitted to the progeny. However, despite the role symbionts play on host development and reproduction, and the growing opportunities of exploitation of the association insect-symbiont to control insect vectored-pathogens, there are very few studies on the host reproductive biology and on the symbiont transovarial transmission. Therefore, we aimed at analyzing the ovary development during D. citri adulthood, and at verifying for the mating requirement as a trigger to initiate ovary development. Newly-emerged D. citri females were grouped as virgin or mated and ovary development was observed during adulthood. Newly-emerged females have immature ovaries, and ovaries remain without any mature eggs until females mate. Once female mates, the vitellogenesis synthesis and uptake are estimulated, and oocytes are quickly developed. Oocytes maturation in ovarioles is metachronic, with only one oocyte developing at a time in each oogenic cycle. Morphological observations of the reproductive system including the ovaries and spermatheca, after the fi rst cluster of eggs is laid, indicated D. citri is polyandrous, and may require multiple mating to develop additional oogenic maturation cycles.

Anatomical study of the female reproductive system and bacteriome of Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, (Insecta: Hemiptera, Liviidae) using micro-computed tomography

“…In general the organization of the female reproductive system of D. citri that we observed agrees with previous descriptions for other psylloid species (e.g. 14,19,20,24,25,88,89 ). Pesson 18 stated that, in psylloids, each ovary has ca.…”

“…Protuberances of the spermathecal surface, which gave it a rough appearance, correspond to individual secretory cells of the epithelial secretor, as described previously for Trioza alacris 93 and D. citri 24,25 . The spermatheca is not just a storage sac where spermatozoa are stored and/or nourished prior to egg fertilization.…”

Gross morphology and ultrastructure of the female reproductive system of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Liviidae)

“…Last instar, newly-emerged, and reproductively active females of D. citri (WENNINGER & HALL 2007), at the previtellogenic and vitellogenic stages (DOSSI & CÔNSOLI 2010), were dissected in insect saline (3 mM CaCl 2 .2H 2 O, 182 mM KCl, 46 mM NaCl, 10 mM Tris base, pH 7.2) (CSH PROTOCOLS 2007). Ovaries were immediately transferred to the proper fixative solution for further processing.…”

Population Dynamics and Growth Rates of Endosymbionts During Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera, Liviidae) Ontogeny

“…The five nymph stadia (N1, N2, N3, N4, and N5) were sampled on their first day of development, i.e., just after hatching (for the first instar) or immediately after ecdysis (for the remaining instars). Male and female adult samplings were also subdivided into three distinct physiological periods: pre-reproductive (0-24 h; adult-I), reproductive (10-25 days; adult-II), and post-reproductive (25-35 days; adult-III) based on the morphology of their spermatheca [54] and on their reproductive behavior [55].…”