Efeito da temperatura e cama do aviário na virulência de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) para o controle do cascudinho (Alphitobius diaperinus) (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Abstract

Bolsista de Produtividade em Pesquisa/CNPqNeotropical Entomology 35(1): 075-082 (2006) Effect of Temperature and Poultry Litter in Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch) Virulence against the Lesser Mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)ABSTRACT -This study was carried out to evaluate the influence of temperature and poultry litter on germination vegetative growth virulence and conidial production of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) isolates on larvae and adults of the lesser mealworm (Alphitobius diaperinus) (Panzer). The vegetative growth and conidial production were evaluated on culture media. Virulence was studied submerging larvae and adults in a conidial suspension (1 x 10 8 conidia/ml). All the experiments were carried out in growth chamber (26ºC and 32ºC and 14h photophase). Fungus-killed insects were daily collected and used for microscopic conidial counts. The poultry litter effect was evaluated by submerging the insects in a fungal suspension (10 8 conidia/ml) and then transferring them to cups containing poultry litter (new and used). B. bassiana isolates were more sensitive than M. anisopliae to high temperature because conidia viability, vegetative growth and virulence were negatively affected (P < 0,05). The conidial production was higher to B. bassiana in 26ºC (7 to 11 x 10 8 conidia/larval cadaver and 8 x 10 8 conidia/adult cadaver) (P < 0,05). Larval stage was about 10 times more sensitive to M. anisopliae at 26ºC than adults stage. Regarding B. bassiana, differences on sensitivity between larval stages and adults were not observed at this temperature. However, at 32ºC, larval stage was more sensitive for CB116 and UEL50 isolates. Mortality was higher when larvae and adults (15.7 and 66.7% respectively) were treated by B. bassiana and maintained on new poultry litter at 26ºC) (P < 0,05).KEY WORDS: Entomopathogenic fungus, microbial control, animal production RESUMO -O estudo avaliou a influência da temperatura e de cama nova e usada na germinação, crescimento vegetativo, virulência e produção de conídios de isolados de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. e Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) sobre larvas e adultos do cascudinho Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer). O crescimento vegetativo e a produção de conídios foram avaliados em meio de cultura. Para a avaliação da virulência os insetos foram tratados com suspensões contendo 1 x 10 8 conídios/ ml. Os experimentos foram realizados em câmara B.O.D. (26ºC e 32ºC e 14h de fotofase). Diariamente os insetos mortos foram coletados para quantificação da produção de conídios. Para avaliação das camas, após a inoculação, insetos foram transferidos para recipientes contendo cama de aviário (nova e usada). Os isolados de B. bassiana foram mais sensíveis à temperatura elevada em relação aos isolados de M. anisopliae no que se refere à viabilidade, crescimento vegetativo e virulência (P < 0,05). A conidiogênese também foi maior para B. bassiana a 26ºC (7 a 11 x 10...

Safety of Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. to Gallus domesticus L.

“…Besides, the homoeothermic immune system is complex and efficient, hindering fungi growth. Inglis et al (1999) claimed that this fungus was very sensitive to variable temperatures, and Alexandre et al (2006) verified that at 32ºC, the germination of B. bassiana was totally inhibited. CV treatment (%) = 12,24 CV time (%) = 11,37 CV weight gain (%) = 12,39…”

Laboratory and Field Evaluation of a Cypermethrin-Based Insecticide for the Control of Alphitobius Diaperinus Panzer (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Its in-Vitro Effects on Beauveria Bassiana Bals. Vuill. (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae)

“…This entomopathogenic fungus occurs naturally in poultry houses (Steinkraus et al, 1991;Alves et al, 2005) and presents great potential for pest control (Oliveira et al, 2014). Moreover, this fungus has been shown to be effective both under laboratory conditions (Alexandre et al, 2006;Rohde et al, 2006;Alves et al, 2008) and in field assays (Alves et al, in press).…”

Advances and Perspectives of the use of the entomopathogenic fungi beauveria bassiana and metarhizium anisopliae for the control of arthropod pests in poultry production

“…Rohde et al (2006) tested more than 100 isolates of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae against lesser mealworms and reported that the isolate Unioeste 04 presented high killing efficiency and excellent production characteristics. Alexandre et al (2006) evaluated the effect of environmental temperature and litter type on the germination, vegetative growth, virulence, and production of conidia of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae isolates. The authors found that high environmental temperature (32ºC) and used litter influenced fungi virulence and other parameters, especially of B. bassiana isolates.…”

“…Another important finding of that study was that the longer the contact of insects with the substrates (new and reused litter and soil), the lower the mortality. Santoro et al (2008) selected B. bassiana isolates and evaluated their lethal concentrations for the control of the lesser mealworm, and determined a LC50 of 8×105 conidia/mL for the isolate Unioeste 04, which was selected by Rohde et al (2006) and used in the studies of Alexandre et al (2006), Haas-Costa & Alves (2007), and Alves et al (2008).…”