Synanthropy of Muscidae (Diptera) in the city of Valdivia, Chile

Abstract

Neotropical Entomology 33(5): 647-651 (2004) Sinantropia de Muscidae (Diptera) na Cidade de Valdivia, Chile RESUMO -O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar o índice de sinantropia de adultos de espécies de Muscidae coletados em Valdivia, Chile (39°48'S; 73°15'W). Moscas adultas foram coletadas mensalmente entre setembro 1996 e agosto 1997 em três locais representado os ambientes urbano, rural e natural. Carcaças de rato, vísceras de galinha e vísceras de peixe foram utilizadas como isca. Foram coletadas seis espécies de Muscidae: Psilochaeta chalybea (Wiedemann) foi a espécie mais abundante nas áreas rural e urbana, sendo considerada hemissinantrópica. A segunda espécie em abundância foi Hydrotaea acuta (Stein), sendo hemissinantrópica, ocorrendo com mais freqüência no ambiente natural. Ophyra ignava (Harris) foi outra espécie coletada em números relativamente altos, apresentando um comportamento eussinantrópico. As três espécies restantes, Musca domestica L., Palpibracus valdiviensis (Couri & Pamplona), e Muscina stabulans (Fallén) foram capturadas em pequeno número.Foram determinados e discutidos os índices de sinantropia, as abundâncias mensais e a eficiência das iscas utilizadas na atração das moscas, bem como a importância médico-sanitária das espécies mais importantes. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Psilochaeta chalybea, Hydrotaea acuta, Ophyra ignava, mosca urbana, índice de sinantropia ABSTRACT -The objective of the present study was to determine the index of synanthropy of adults of Muscidae species collected in Valdivia, Chile (39°48'S; 73°15'W). The flies were collected monthly between September 1996 and August 1997 at three different locations, representing urban, rural and natural environments. Rat carcasses, chicken viscera, and fish viscera were used as bait. Six species of Muscidae were collected: Psilochaeta chalybea (Wiedemann) was dominant in urban and rural habitats, being eusynanthropic. The second species in importance was Hydrotaea acuta (Stein), being hemisynanthropic and more abundant in the natural environment. Ophyra ignava (Harris) was another species captured in relatively large numbers, and showing eusynanthropic characteristic. The remaining three species, Musca domestica L., Palpibracus valdiviensis (Couri & Pamplona), and Mu scina stabulans (Fallén) were captured in low numbers. In addition to the indexes of synanthropy, monthly abundances were determined and discussed, as well as the efficiency of the different baits used to collect the flies. The medical and sanitary importance of the flies was also assessed.

The population ecology of Muscina stabulans (Fallén) (Diptera: Muscidae), along an Urban-Rural Gradient of Buenos Aires, Argentina

“…Its is worth pointing out that our samples contained higher number of specimens than those found in Brazil (Carvalho et al 1984, Linhares 1981, Mendes & Linhares 1993, 2002, and Chile (Figueroa-Roa & Linhares 2004). Our data agree with previous reported studies, and suggest that M. stabulans is mostly associated to the urban-suburban sites than to rural ones.…”

“…Our data agree with previous reported studies, and suggest that M. stabulans is mostly associated to the urban-suburban sites than to rural ones. However, the populations we surveyed in Greater Buenos Aires showed, according to Nuorteva Index, a higher degree of synanthropy than in the other South American locations of Brazil (e.g., Curitiba, Campinas) and Chile (e.g., Valdivia) (Carvalho et al 1984, Figueroa-Roa & Linhares 2004). The female biased sex ratio found for this species was also observed in former studies (Mendes & Linhares 1993).…”

“…Synanthropic studies of Muscidae in the Neotropical region have examined the relationship between M. stabulans and the urban environments (Linhares 1981, Carvalho et al 1984, Figueroa-Roa & Linhares 2004). In Argentina, comparative studies of calyptrate fl ies in several geographical locations have been undertaken only for calliphorids and sarcophagids (Schnack & Mariluis 2004, Mariluis et al 2007.…”

Synanthropy and ecological aspects of Muscidae (Diptera) in a tropical dry forest ecosystem in Colombia

“…Musca domestica was the only common species in all studies, providing evidence for its previously known eusynanthropic behaviour (Ferrar et al 1975;Linhares 1981b;de Carvalho et al 1984;d'Almeida 1992;Figueroa-Roa & Linhares 2004;Espindola 2006;Costamagna et al 2007). Morellia basalis was reported for the first time as a synanthropic species, and given its preference for faeces could be considered important in the transmission of pathogens to humans.…”

Eco-epidemiological aspects, natural detection and molecular identification of Leishmania spp. in Lutzomyia reburra, Lutzomyia barrettoi majuscula and Lutzomyia trapidoi

“…Se calculó el valor de la sinantropía para las tres especies de flebotomíneos según el método de Figueroa-Roa, et al (38), modificado para la escala de distribución microespacial del presente trabajo, así: 2 x el porcentaje de ejemplares recolectados en la vivienda + porcentaje de ejemplares recolectados en el peridomicilio -2 x el porcentaje de ejemplares recolectados en el bosque/2. El índice de sinantropía varía de +100 a -100.…”