Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Brazil among men who self-identify as heterosexual

MacCarthy, Sarah; Brignol, Sandra; Reddy, Manasa; Nunn, Amy; Dourado, Inês

doi:10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050006352

Cited by 16 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(35 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This result is in line with those of studies conducted in Canada (46%) [4], Brazil (69.8%) [21], France (47.7%) [22], and Central Haiti (65%) [23] but lower than those of studies conducted in Cameron (89.7%) [24], South Africa (79%) [25], Benin (84.4%) [26], Asia (72%) [27],and Georgia (71.1%) [28]. This might be due to the availability of nation-wide health extension programs that help to create awareness about early diagnosis, enrolment, and treatment through community conversations, scaling up benchmark activities, and regular home visits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Late presentation of HIV positive adults and its predictors to HIV/AIDS care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care which is attended by problems like, poor treatment outcomes, early development of opportunistic infections, increased healthcare costs, and mortality is a major problem in Ethiopia. Although evidences are available on the prevalence and associated factors of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care, discrepancies among findings are appreciated. Thus, the country has faced difficulties of having a single estimated data. Objective This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of late presentation of HIV positive adults to HIV/AIDS care and its predictors in Ethiopia. Method We searched all available articles through Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Sciences, and EMBASE databases. Additionally, we accessed articles from the Ethiopian institutional online research repositories and reference lists of included studies. We included cohort, case- control, and cross-sectional studies in our review. Besides, we utilized the weighted inverse variance random-effects model. The total percentage of variation among studies due to heterogeneity was determined by I 2 statistic. Searching was limited to studies conducted in Ethiopia and published in the English language. Publication bias was checked by Egger’s regression test. Results A total of 8 studies with 7, 568 participants were included. The pooled prevalence of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care was 52.89% (95%CI: 35.37, 70.40). The odds of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care of frequent alcohol users [3.67(95% CI = 1.52–5.83)], high fear of stigma [3.90 (95% CI = 1.51–6.28)], chronic illness [3.34(95% CI = 1.52–5.16)], and the presence of symptoms at the time of HIV diagnosis [3.06 (95% CL = 1.18–4.94)] were higher compared to participants who did not experience the preceding. Conclusion The prevalence of late presentation of HIV positive adults to HIV/AIDS care was high in Ethiopia. Frequent alcohol use, high fear of stigma, chronic illness, and the presence of symptoms at the time of HIV diagnosis were associated with high odds of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care. Trial registration Registered in PROSPERO databases with the registration number of CRD42018081840 . Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-4156-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Late presentation of HIV positive adults and its predictors to HIV/AIDS care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They are therefore more likely linked to care with a higher CD4+ T cell count compared to individuals tested only upon showing symptoms of HIV. The high prevalence of LP provides additional evidence to shift towards routine testing and linkage to care rather than risk based strategies that might not effectively or efficiently engage individuals infected with HIV [ 32 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care at the Douala general hospital, Cameroon: its associated factors, and consequences

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundThe introduction of anti-retroviral treatment (ART) has significantly reduced mortality and morbidity associated with HIV/AIDS. While treatment at early stages of the disease is related to a better prognosis, late presentation (LP) to care is harmful to the infected person, the society and is more costly. We aimed to describe late presentation to HIV care, its associated factors and consequences in patients followed up in a tertiary hospital in Cameroon.MethodsWe retrospectively assessed patients’ files between 1996 and 2014 at the Douala general hospital (DGH) HIV treatment centre. Late presentation (LP) to HIV care was defined as a CD4+ T cell count< 350 cells/mm3 or advanced clinical stages of the disease (WHO stages 3/4) at first presentation for care. We used logistic regression to study factors associated with late presentation and assessed occurrence of opportunistic infections and mortality at 3, 6 and 12 months after presentation to care.ResultsOf 1866 files studied, mean age was 40 (SD: 10) years, median CD4+ T cell count was 147 (IQR: 63–270) cells/mm3, 58.2% were at HIV clinical stages 3 and 4. The prevalence of late presentation to HIV care was 89.7% (95% CI: 88.2–91.0%) and remained above 80% from 1996 to 2014. Circumstances of diagnosis: prevention of mother to child transmission program/blood donation (OR = 0.16, 95% CI 0.10–0.29), having a positive partner (OR = 0.16, 95%CI = 0.10–0.26), and routine screening (OR = 0.13, 95%CI = 0.10–0.19) reduced the odds of presenting late compared to clinical suspicion. Students had lower odds of presenting late compared to people who had an employment (OR = 0.50, 95%CI = 0.26–0.98). Calendar time OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.08–2.48 for ≥2010 vs. < 2005) increased the odds of late presentation. Mortality and opportunistic infections prevalence remained significantly higher in late presenters at 3, 6 and 12 months than in early presenters.ConclusionLate presentation to HIV care is very high at the DGH and is related to poor outcome. More screening and sensitization campaigns should be carried out in the population to diagnose the disease at an earlier stage.

show abstract

“…In Brazil, research studies on late onset for the care with HIV infection published from 2011 to 2016 estimated prevalence rates ranging from 52.5% to 69.8% (14,(23)(24)(25)(26) . These results are below what is expected for consolidated public health programs for PLHIV, such as that of Brazil (24) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the aspects that may be related is the delay in carrying out HIV screening after unprotected sex, resulting in the discovery of the infection long after exposure to the virus and, thus, at an older age. A number of research studies indicate that older people are more likely to be diagnosed late, especially those aged 50 years old or older, which can be explained by the decreased risk perception and the subsequent reduction in the frequency of diagnostic tests in this group ( 25 , 29 , 32 - 34 ) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and associated factors

Ribeiro

Freitas

Tupinambás

et al. 2020

Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: to analyze the occurrence of late diagnosis of infection by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus and its associated factors. Method: this is an epidemiological, cross-sectional and analytical study, carried out with 369 people followed-up by Specialized Assistance Services, undergoing anti-retroviral treatment, and interviewed by means of a questionnaire. Univariate analysis was performed using Pearson’s chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test and Kruskall-Wallis test, and multivariate analysis using the ordinal logistic regression model of proportional odds. Results: the occurrence of 59.1% for late diagnosis of the infection was observed; the probability of later diagnosis is greater among people who have a steady partnership, when compared to those who do not; with increasing age, particularly above 35 years old; among those with lower schooling; for those who seek the health services to have an HIV test when they feel sick; and for those who test HIV less often or never do it after sex without a condom with a steady partner. Conclusion: the knowledge on the high proportion of late diagnosis and its associated factors verified in this study make the planning and implementation of new policies and strategies aimed at the timely diagnosis of the infection imperative.

show abstract

Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Brazil among men who self-identify as heterosexual

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Late presentation of HIV positive adults and its predictors to HIV/AIDS care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Late presentation of HIV positive adults and its predictors to HIV/AIDS care in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care at the Douala general hospital, Cameroon: its associated factors, and consequences

Late diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and associated factors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About