Optimizing a culture medium for biomass and phenolic compounds production using Ganoderma lucidum

Abstract

The present work was aimed at optimizing a culture medium for biomass production and phenolic compounds by using Ganoderma lucidum. The culture was optimized in two stages; a Plackett-Burman design was used in the first one for identifying key components in the medium and a central composite design was used in the second one for optimizing their concentration. Both responses (biomass and phenolic compounds) were simultaneously optimized by the latter methodology regarding desirability, and the optimal concentrations obtained were 50.00 g/L sucrose, 13.29 g/L yeast extract and 2.99 g/L olive oil. Maximum biomass production identified in these optimal conditions was 9.5 g/L and that for phenolic compounds was 0.0452 g/L, this being 100% better than that obtained in the media usually used in the laboratory. Similar patterns regarding chemical characterization and biological activity towards Aspergillus sp., from both fruiting body and mycelium-derived secondary metabolites and extracts obtained in the proposed medium were observed. It was shown that such statistical methodologies are useful for optimizing fermentation and, in the specific case of G. lucidum, optimizing processes for its production and its metabolites in submerged culture as an alternative to traditional culture.

Statistical optimization of culture conditions for enhanced mycelial biomass production using Ganoderma lucidum

“…Different studies have reported the use of diverse factors and their combinations for the statistical optimization of biomass of G. lucidum [4,6,10,11,17,19,20]. Hence, it is not justified to exactly compare the biomass obtained in the present study with those obtained in other studies.…”

“…The Plackett-Burman design was used by them to study the effects of vitamins and microelements on mycelial biomass. In another study [11], the culture medium of G. lucidum was statistically optimized, wherein the Plackett-Burman Design was used to evaluate the importance of different carbon and nitrogen sources on G. lucidum biomass production in submerged culture. In the case of other basidiomycetes, there have again been few studies [9,[12][13][14][15][16] where Plackett-Burman Design was used as a tool for statistical optimization.…”

“…One particular study on G. lucidum [11] used central composite design as a statistical tool for identifying optimum levels of the significant variables which were selected by Plackett-Burman design. Different concentrations of olive oil, sucrose, and yeast extract were optimized, and their combined effect on the biomass production was studied.…”

Optimization of Biomass Production of Two Ectomycorrhizal Fungi (Lactarius quieticolor and Rhizopogon roseolus) for the Future Pinus radiata Nursery Inoculation

“…Examples of this include research being conducted on the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps militaris and Metarhizium rileyi for biomass production (Hsieh et al, 2009;Cui and Yuan, 2011;Song et al, 2017), saprophytic fungi Lentinus squarrosulus (Ahmad et al, 2013) for mycelium and exopolysaccharide production, Ganoderma lucidum for phenolic compound production and biomass (Zárate et al, 2013;Goh et al, 2016), Pleurotus sp. for enzyme production (Saravanakumar et al, 2010) and Filamentous Fungi for Extracellular Lipase Production (Gaurav et al, 2017).…”

Chemical compounds of extracts from Sarcodon imbricatus at optimized growth conditions

“…The intensity of metabolites' synthesis and their further accumulation can be controlled by the nutrient composition of the medium and the environmental parameters during culture. For this reason, it is important to optimize the conditions for in vitro culture of fungi [1,2].…”