Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dogs

Langoni, Hélio; Fornazari, Felipe; Silva, Rodrigo da; Monti, Elis Talita; Villa, Fausto Baptista

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822013000400043

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The finding of a lower seroprevalence for N. caninum (15%) than T. gondii (24%) is in agreement with the general trend reported in dogs from different countries (e.g. Wahna et al 2005, Nguyen et al 2012, Langoni et al 2013, indicating that T. gondii is probably more widespread. The seroprevalence of antibodies against N. caninum found in our study is similar to the 15% prevalence reported by Cringoli et al (2002) using IFAT in a smaller number of hunting dogs (n = 99) tested as a part of a larger survey in 1 058 dogs from Campania region.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence and risk factors of infections with Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in hunting dogs from Campania region, southern Italy

et al. 2016

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Abstract:Hunting dogs have probably a higher level of exposure to Neospora caninum Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper et Uggla, 1988 and Toxoplasma gondii Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908 than other canine populations for their different lifestyle. The aim of our survey was to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii in hunting dogs from southern Italy and assess risk factors related to these protozoan infections. Blood samples were collected from 398 hunting dogs (19 different breeds, aged from 5 month to 14 years). The sera were screened by indirect fluorescence antibody test; a titre ≥ 50 was considered positive. Antibodies to N. caninum and T. gondii were detected in 59 (15%) dogs with titres from 50 to 3 200 and in 94 (24%) dogs with titres from 50 to 1 600, respectively, with co-infection in 25 (6%) dogs. Statistical difference (p ≤ 0.05) was found only for infection with T. gondii between two age groups: ≥ 2-4 years (16%) and ≥ 4-7 years (33%); other observed characteristics were without statistical significance. Our results suggest that the hunting dogs could play an important role in the transmission cycle of N. caninum between wild animals and livestock. This is the first detection of antibodies to T. gondii in hunting dogs in Italy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Seroprevalence and risk factors of infections with Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in hunting dogs from Campania region, southern Italy

et al. 2016

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“…Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan with worldwide distribution that can infect several species of warm-blooded animals (LANGONI et al, 2013). The seroprevalence of T. gondii in Brazil is often high (SOUZA et al, 2003), ranging from 3.1% to 91% of the canine population in studies in several states, such as Minas Gerais, Santa Catarina, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Bahia and Para (DUBEY et al, 2012;DREER et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of infections are asymptomatic; however, T. gondii infection in pregnant women and immunocompromised patients can cause serious illnesses and even death (ZHANG et al, 2015). Similarly, infection in dogs may be asymptomatic, but clinical signs are variable and may include respiratory, digestive, ocular, and neuromuscular symptoms (HOSSEININEJAD et al, 2011;LANGONI et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in dogs of riverside communities of Mato Grosso Pantanal, Brazil

Rodrigues

Almeida

Sorte

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular protozoan with worldwide distribution and dogs act as sentinels of human infection. This search aimed to determine the occurrence of antibodies against T. gondii in dogs of the communities on the Cuiabá River, Mato Grosso and variables associated with infection. The dogs of the riverside communities in Cuiabá River, which includes Barranco Alto, Praia do Poço, Engenho Velho, Varginha, Bom Sucesso, Passagem da Conceição and São Gonçalo Beira Rio, were evaluated for the presence of T. gondii antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT). The prevalence and factors associated with infection were calculated by chi-squared test (χ 2 ) or Fisher's exact test, and univariate and multiple analysis. Of the 248 dogs surveyed, 107 (43.1%) were seropositive for T. gondii. The seroprevalence ranged from 25.6% to 64.3%. There was no statistically significant difference between the communities studied (p > 0.05). As for the associated factors, the only statistically significant factor was that of dogs living with cats (p = 0.02), with approximately twice the risk of acquiring infection. In conclusion, the seroprevalence in dogs of riverside communities in the Baixada Cuiabana demonstrated that high rates of infection, being the factor associated with infection, contact with domestic cats.Keywords: Toxoplasma gondii, dogs, associated factors, Cuiabá River, Pantanal, Brazil. ResumoToxoplasma gondii é um protozoário intracelular com distribuição mundial e o cão atua como sentinela para infecção humana. Esta pesquisa teve por objetivo determinar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra T. gondii em cães de comunidades ribeirinhas ao Rio Cuiabá, Mato Grosso e as variáveis associadas à infecção. Os cães das comunidades ribeirinhas do Rio Cuiabá, que inclui Barranco Alto, Praia do Poço, Engenho Velho, Varginha, Bom Sucesso, Passagem da Conceição e São Gonçalo Beira Rio, foram avaliados para a presença de anticorpos para T. gondii pela reação de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI). A prevalência e fatores associados com a infecção foram calculados pelo teste de qui-quadrado (χ 2 ) ou exato de Fisher, e análise univariada e multivariada. Dos 248 cães estudados, 107 (43,1%) foram soropositivos para T. gondii. A prevalência variou de 25,6% a 64,3%. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as comunidades estudadas (p > 0,05). Quanto aos fatores associados, o único fator estatisticamente significante o convívio com gatos (p = 0,02), com cerca de duas vezes mais risco de adquirir a infecção. Em conclusão, a soroprevalência em cães de comunidades ribeirinhas da Baixada Cuiabana demonstram altas taxas de infecção, sendo o fator associado à infecção, o contato com gatos domésticos.

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“…Neighborhood dogs, defined as semi-restricted or free roaming animals with semi-dependence on one or more individuals for food and shelter (WHO & WSPA, 1990), may act as reservoirs or sentinels for several zoonotic and protozoan infections, particularly in urban areas, thus constituting a potential threat to animal and public health (CABEZÓN et al, 2010;CASTILLO-NEYRA et al, 2015;GÜRTLER & CARDINAL, 2015;MEIRELES et al, 2004;ROBERTSON et al, 2000;SALB et al, 2008). Although protozoan infection has previously been assessed in different canine populations (AZZAG et al, 2015;COLLANTES-FERNÁNDEZ et al, 2008;LANGONI et al, 2013;TENNEY et al, 2014), the health status of neighborhood dogs remains to be fully established.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurvey for Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Trypanosoma cruzi and Neospora caninum in neighborhood dogs in Curitiba-Paraná, Brazil

Constantino

Pellizzaro

Paula

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Neighborhood dogs may act as reservoirs for several zoonotic protozoan infections, particularly in urban areas, thus constituting a potential public health threat. Accordingly, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the exposure of neighborhood dogs to four protozoan pathogens in public areas with high levels of human movement in Curitiba, southern Brazil. Blood samples from 26 neighborhood dogs were screened by means of the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Trypanosoma cruzi and Neospora caninum, and a questionnaire was answered by the respective keeper. A total of 8/26 dogs (30.7%) seroreactive to T. gondii, 3/26 (11.5%) to N. caninum and 2/26 (7.7%) to both were identified. All the samples were seronegative for T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. Pathogen seroreactivity was not associated with the daily human movements or other epidemiological variables investigated (p > 0.05). In conclusion, the low seroprevalence for T. gondii and N. caninum indicated low environmental and food risk for animal infection and the seronegativity for Leishmania spp. and T. cruzi may reflect the absence of these pathogens in urban areas of Curitiba. Moreover, neighborhood dogs may be used as environmental sentinels for the presence of protozoan pathogens and their vectors.

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Prevalence of antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in dogs

Cited by 36 publications

References 26 publications

Seroprevalence and risk factors of infections with Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in hunting dogs from Campania region, southern Italy

Seroprevalence and risk factors of infections with Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in hunting dogs from Campania region, southern Italy

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in dogs of riverside communities of Mato Grosso Pantanal, Brazil

Serosurvey for Leishmania spp., Toxoplasma gondii, Trypanosoma cruzi and Neospora caninum in neighborhood dogs in Curitiba-Paraná, Brazil

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