Multiple drug resistance patterns in various phylogenetic groups of uropathogenic E.coli isolated from Faisalabad region of Pakistan

Abstract

The objective of this work was the phylogenetic characterization of local clinical isolates of uropathogenic E. coli with respect to drug resistance. A total of 59 uropathogenic E. coli responsible for community acquired urinary tract infections were included in this study. A triplex PCR was employed to segregate each isolate into four different phylogenetic groups (A, B1, B2 and D). Drug resistance was evaluated by disc diffusion method. The drugs used were ampicillin, aztreonam, cefixime, cefoperazone, ceftriaxone, cephradine among β-lactam group; amikacin, gentamicin, and streptomycin among aminoglycosides; nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin from quinolones; trimethoprim-sulfomethoxazole, and tetracycline. Among 59 uropathogenic E. coli isolates majority belonged to phylogenetic group B2 (50%) where as 19% each belonged to groups A and B1, and 12% to group D. All the isolates were multiple drug resistant (MDR). Most effective drugs against Group A, B1, and B2 were gentamicin, amikacin and cefixime; ceftriaxone and quinolones; and ceftriaxone and amikacin, respectively. Group D isolates were found to be highly resistant to all drugs. Our results have shown emergence of MDR isolates among uropathogenic E. coli with dominance of phylogenetic group B2. However, it was found that group D isolates were though less frequent, more drug resistant as compared with group B2. Groups A and B1 were relatively uncommon. Amikacin, ceftriaxone and gentamicin were the most effective drugs in general.

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Different Escherichia coli Phylogenetic Groups Isolated from Human Urinary Tract Infection and Avian Colibacillosis

“…According to the recent phylogenetic studies on E. coli [1, 4, 11, 12], extra-intestinal pathogenic E. coli strains are mostly derived from the B2 phylogenetic group and, to a lesser extent, from group D, which are in line with the results of present study. It has been shown that the most commensal E. coli strain belongs to group A [13], and the majority of APEC isolates in this study belongs to group A.…”

Antibiotic Resistance in Uropathogenic E. Coli Strains Isolated from Non-Hospitalized Patients in Pakistan

“…Importantly, according to WHO recommendations, this antibiotic has been suggested as a first choice for UTI treatments [11]. Furthermore, we found that up to 76.3% of the isolates showed resistance towards co-amoxiclav and that 42% isolates showed resistance to fluoroquinolones [12][13][14]. Fluoroquinolones are considered as first choice for the treatment of UTIs in men, mainly because it has advantages over co-amoxiclav, which are related to its pharmacokinetic properties [15,16].…”

Epidemiology of Multidrug Resistant Uropathogenic <i>Escherichia coli</i> in Iran: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Resistant E. coli strains are emerging globally as a threat to the favorable outcome of common infections in community and hospital settings. These conditions are increasing particularly in developing or third-world countries that frequently use antibiotic agents in both animals and humans, where people consume antibiotics without the supervision or prescription of a physician (10,11). Inappropriate antibacterial treatment and misuse of antibiotics have contributed to the emergence of antibacterial-resistant bacteria (12).…”