AFLP analysis of Xanthomonas axonopodis and X. arboricola strains used in xanthan production studies reveal high levels of polymorphism

Abstract

Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) was used to analyze the genetic diversity of 14 strains of Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni and seven strains of X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli, which are used in xanthan production studies. Relationships identified by the AFLP profiles were assessed for xanthan production capacity, geographical location and host plant. Strains were isolated from 10 different geographic regions in South and Southeast States in Brazil. Data were analyzed for genetic similarity using the Dice coefficient and subjected to UPGMA cluster analysis. A total of 128 AFLP fragments were generated from four primer combinations: EcoRI+C/MseI+0, EcoRI+A/MseI+0, EcoRI+G/MseI+T and EcoRI+G/MseI+A. Of these, 96.1% were polymorphic. X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli (S D = 0.27) was shown to be more polymorphic than X. arboricola pv. pruni (S D = 0.58). All 14 pathovar pruni strains were included in a single main group (S D = 0.58), while the pathovar phaseoli strains were divided into three separate groups, with one group containing five strains (S D = 0.38) and two isolated groups (S D = 0.31 and 0.27) composed of only one strain each. Species were distinguished by three and eight specific AFLP markers present in the pathovar phaseoli and the pathovar pruni, respectively. For the unique strain without xanthan production capacity (X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli str. 48), nine specific AFLP bands were found. There was no evidence that geographic area or host plant influenced genetic heterogeneity.Correlations between AFLP patterns and xanthan production capacity were found in some strains, but were not consistent enough to establish a relationship.

Insights into the genome of the xanthan-producing phytopathogen Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni 109 by comparative genomic hybridization

“…The non-confirmed hybridization signals were mostly connected to genes encoding transposases of insertion elements. This high genomic similarity between the five Xap strains may be explained by their unique geographical isolation site (Mayer et al, 2010).…”

“…Their xanthan production rates promote Xap strains as promising candidates for the industrial production of xanthan. In a recent AFLP analysis, all Xap strains analyzed in this study turned out to be members of the same group (Mayer et al, 2010).…”

“…The Xap strains 19, 101, 103, 106, and 109 (Mayer et al, 2010), isolated from peach (P. persica) trees at the Centro de Pesquisas Agropecuárias de Clima Temperado (CPACT-EMBRAPA, Pelotas, RS, Brazil), were used in this study. The cultures were maintained by lyophilization on SPA agar (Hayward, 1964), stored at 4 • C and subcultured in yeast malt agar (Jeanes, 1974).…”

“…This reduced genome differs from the previously characterized Xanthomonas genomes by the absence of well-known characteristics like the hrp genes encoding the typical type III secretion system or the gum genes that code for the xanthan biosynthesis machinery. Concerning Xap, only studies on genetic diversity have been performed so far (Zaccardelli et al, 1999;Vauterin et al, 2000;Boudon et al, 2005;Barionovi and Scortichini, 2008;Mayer et al, 2010).…”

Efeitos De Aditivos Poliméricos Nas Propriedades Reológicas E De Filtração De Fluidos De Perfuração

“…As soluções poliméricas colocam-se como alternativa para contornar alguns desafios impostos pelo processo de explotação http://dx.doi.org/10.4322/tmm.2014.010 xantana é também estável em ampla faixa de temperatura (10°C a 90°C) [20][21][22].…”