New hosts of Myrothecium spp. in Brazil and a preliminary in vitro assay of fungicides

Abstract

Myrothecium roridum and M. verrucaria are two plant pathogenic species causing foliar spots in a large number of cultivated plants. This paper aims to study the causal agents of foliar spots in vegetable crops (sweet pepper, tomato and cucumber), ornamental plants (Spathiphyllum wallisii, Solidago canadensis, Anthurium andreanum, Dieffenbachia amoena) and a solanaceous weed plant (Nicandra physaloides).Most of the isolates were identified as M. roridum; only the isolate 'Myr-02' from S. canadensis was identified as M. verrucaria. All the isolates were pathogenic to their original plant hosts and also to some other plants. Some fungicides were tested in vitro against an isolate of M. roridum and the mycelial growth recorded after seven days. Fungicides with quartenary ammonium, tebuconazole and copper were highly effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of M. roridum. This paper confirms the first record of M. roridum causing leaf spots in sweet pepper, tomato, Spathiphyllum, Anthurium, Dieffenbachia and N. physaloides in Brazil. We also report M. roridum as causal agent of cucumber fruit rot and M. verrucaria as a pathogen of tango plants.

Ascodesmis rosicola sp. nov. and Talaromyces rosarhiza sp. nov., two endophytes from Rosa roxburghii in China

“…Macroscopic morphology, for example, growth rate, colony colour and pigmentation, were examined at 2-day intervals. Microscopic characteristics of ascospores or conidia were determined and recorded and spores of each strain were randomly selected for measurement (length and width) ( Quezado et al 2010 ), with the range and mean calculated. The colonies were observed under a stereomicroscope and morphological characters were confirmed by optical microscope (Olympus BX53, Japan).…”

Rhizospheric Fungal Diversities and Soil Biochemical Factors of Fritillaria taipaiensis over Five Cultivation Years

“…Ustilago species are ubiquitous pathogens that can cause dark brown to black linear sori of varying length in the leaves of grasses [45]; most species of Myrothecium are saprophytes but some are expressive plant pathogens hat can cause leaf spots [46]. Hymenoscyphus are pathogens of ash dieback [47].…”

Mycotoxins and their alarming reach to cattle: Review

“…Myrothecium roridum e M. verrucaria são fungos saprófitas, de solo e tecidos vegetais, tanto vivos quanto em decomposição (Duval et al, 2010). Em segundo plano, podem estar presentes na água, ar e em cereais, palhas, feno e silagem, predispondo à infecção fúngica, uma vez que os ruminantes se contaminam ao ingerir os materiais fermentados (Vedovatto et al, 2020).…”

“…Em segundo plano, podem estar presentes na água, ar e em cereais, palhas, feno e silagem, predispondo à infecção fúngica, uma vez que os ruminantes se contaminam ao ingerir os materiais fermentados (Vedovatto et al, 2020). Ainda há possibilidade de contaminação por via aérea, levando em consideração a capacidade de disseminação do fungo juntamente com as estruturas reprodutivas e/ou sementes de plantas contaminadas permitindo sua inalação (Duval et al, 2010).…”

“…Segundo informações do Sistema de Atenção Primária à Saúde o Trichothecium é um fungo mitospórico filamentoso que afeta principalmente a vegetação em decomposição e o solo. Assim como o Myrothecium spp., pode afetar plantas vivas e causar distúrbios gastrointestinais em animais que as ingerirem em grande quantidade (Duval et al, 2010).…”