Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansarcB influences hydrophobic properties, biofilm formation and adhesion to hydroxyapatite

Longo, Priscila Larcher; Ota-Tsuzuki, Cláudia; Nunes, Ana Carla Robatto; Fernandes, Beatriz Lieblich; Mintz, Keith P.; Fives-Taylor, Paula; Mayer, Márcia Pinto Alves

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822009000300018

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Longo et al. demonstrated expression of arcB , a transmembrane sensor in A. actinomycetemcomitans that reacts to redox growth conditions and is important for attachment to host biomolecules and biofilm formation. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans also expresses the adhesin ( aae ) gene, which has demonstrated some specificity for buccal epithelial cells.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Microbiome In The Oral Cavity And Othmentioning

confidence: 99%

The periodontal war: microbes and immunity

Ebersole¹,

Dawson²,

Emecen‐Huja³

et al. 2017

Periodontology 2000

143

107

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Maintenance of periodontal health or transition to a periodontal lesion reflects the continuous and ongoing battle between the vast microbial ecology in the oral cavity and the array of resident and emigrating inflammatory/immune cells in the periodontium. This war clearly signifies many 'battlefronts' representing the interface of the mucosal-surface cells with the dynamic biofilms composed of commensal and potential pathogenic species, as well as more recent knowledge demonstrating active invasion of cells and tissues of the periodontium leading to skirmishes in connective tissue, the locality of bone and even in the local vasculature. Research in the discipline has uncovered a concerted effort of the microbiome, using an array of survival strategies, to interact with other bacteria and host cells. These strategies aid in colonization by 'ambushing, infiltrating and outflanking' host cells and molecules, responding to local environmental changes (including booby traps for host biomolecules), communicating within and between genera and species that provide MASINT (Measurement and Signature Intelligence) to enhance sustained survival, sabotage the host inflammatory and immune responses and by potentially adopting a 'Fabian strategy' with a war of attrition and resulting disease manifestations. Additionally, much has been learned regarding the ever-increasing complexity of the host-response armamentarium at both cellular and molecular levels that is addressed in this review. Knowledge regarding how these systems fully interact requires both new laboratory and clinical tools, as well as sophisticated modeling of the networks that help maintain homeostasis and are dysregulated in disease. Finally, the triggers resulting in a 'coup de main' by the microbiome (exacerbation of disease) and the characteristics of susceptible hosts that can result in 'pyrrhic victories' with collateral damage to host tissues, the hallmark of periodontitis, remains unclear. While much has been learned, substantial gaps in our understanding of the 'parameters of this war' remain elusive toward fulfilling the Sun Tzu adage: 'If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles.'

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Section: Characteristics Of the Microbiome In The Oral Cavity And Othmentioning

confidence: 99%

The periodontal war: microbes and immunity

Ebersole¹,

Dawson²,

Emecen‐Huja³

et al. 2017

Periodontology 2000

143

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…ArcA is part of a two‐component regulatory system that regulates the adaptation of the organism to respiratory growth conditions and oxygen tension (Alvarez & Georgellis, 2010; Brown et al., 2022; Longo et al., 2009; Shalel‐Levanon et al., 2005). The Arc system consists of a transmembrane sensor kinase ArcB and a DNA binding response regulator ArcA (Alvarez & Georgellis, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of adhesin synthesis in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Tristano

Danforth

Wargo

et al. 2023

Molecular Oral Microbiology

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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a gram‐negative bacterium associated with periodontal disease and a variety of disseminated extra‐oral infections. Tissue colonization is mediated by fimbriae and non‐fimbriae adhesins resulting in the formation of a sessile bacterial community or biofilm, which confers enhanced resistance to antibiotics and mechanical removal. The environmental changes experienced by A. actinomycetemcomitans during infection are detected and processed by undefined signaling pathways that alter gene expression. In this study, we have characterized the promoter region of the extracellular matrix protein adhesin A (EmaA), which is an important surface adhesin in biofilm biogenesis and disease initiation using a series of deletion constructs consisting of the emaA intergenic region and a promotor‐less lacZ sequence. Two regions of the promoter sequence were found to regulate gene transcription and in silico analysis indicated the presence of multiple transcriptional regulatory binding sequences. Analysis of four regulatory elements, CpxR, ArcA, OxyR, and DeoR, was undertaken in this study. Inactivation of arcA, the regulator moiety of the ArcAB two‐component signaling pathway involved in redox homeostasis, resulted in a decrease in EmaA synthesis and biofilm formation. Analysis of the promoter sequences of other adhesins identified binding sequences for the same regulatory proteins, which suggests that these proteins are involved in the coordinate regulation of adhesins required for colonization and pathogenesis.

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Establishment of a multi-species biofilm model and metatranscriptomic analysis of biofilm and planktonic cell communities

Nakamura

Yamamoto

Kino

et al. 2016

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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We collected several biofilm samples from Japanese rivers and established a reproducible multi-species biofilm model that can be analyzed in laboratories. Bacterial abundance at the generic level was highly similar between the planktonic and biofilm communities, whereas comparative metatranscriptomic analysis revealed many upregulated and downregulated genes in the biofilm. Many genes involved in iron-sulfur metabolism, stress response, and cell envelope function were upregulated; biofilm formation is mediated by an iron-dependent signaling mechanism and the signal is relayed to stress-responsive and cell envelope function genes. Flagella-related gene expression was regulated depending upon the growth phase, indicating different roles of flagella during the adherence, maturation, and dispersal steps of biofilm formation. Downregulation of DNA repair genes was observed, indicating that spontaneous mutation frequency would be elevated within the biofilm and that the biofilm is a cradle for generating novel genetic traits. Although the significance remains unclear, genes for rRNA methyltransferase, chromosome partitioning, aminoacyl-tRNA synthase, and cysteine, methionine, leucine, thiamine, nucleotide, and fatty acid metabolism were found to be differentially regulated. These results indicate that planktonic and biofilm communities are in different dynamic states. Studies on biofilm and sessile cells, which have received less attention, are important for understanding microbial ecology and for designing tailor-made anti-biofilm drugs.

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Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansarcB influences hydrophobic properties, biofilm formation and adhesion to hydroxyapatite

Cited by 6 publications

References 38 publications

The periodontal war: microbes and immunity

The periodontal war: microbes and immunity

Regulation of adhesin synthesis in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

Establishment of a multi-species biofilm model and metatranscriptomic analysis of biofilm and planktonic cell communities

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