Mechanisms and significance of fungicide resistance

Deising, H. B.; Reimann, Sven; Pascholati, Sérgio Florentino

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822008000200017

Cited by 167 publications

(105 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(52 reference statements)

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“…While benzimidazoles are not registered for protection against the scab in the Czech Republic, presently strobilurins are registered for wide use in many crops. In contrast, fungicides with more than one target site in the fungal cell have been used for more than 30 years before the resistant isolates have been found (Deising et al 2008). Key cytb gene mutation G143A causing very high resistance of V. inaequalis to strobilurins described Zheng et al (2000).…”

Section: Efficacy Loss Of Strobilurins Used In Protection Against Appmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy loss of strobilurins used in protection against apple scab in Czech orchards

Sedlák

Vávra

Vejl

et al. 2013

Hort. Sci. (Prague)

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Sedlák P., Vávra R., Vejl P., Boček S., Kloutvorová J., 2013. Efficacy loss of strobilurins used in protection against apple scab in Czech orchards. Hort. Sci. (Prague), 40: 45-51.The apple scab caused by Venturia inaequalis is important apple disease in temperate zone. Economical losses caused by the pathogen are effectively reduced by intensive chemical protection and breeding. Occurrences of pathogen resistance to strobilurin fungicides were noted in some Czech orchards in the past. In 2007-2011, collection of 136 isolates V. inaequalis was tested with the aim to detect presence of single-point mutations of cytochrom b (cytb) gene causing efficacy loss of strobilurins. Consequently occurrence of beta-tubulin (beta-tub) gene mutation causing resistance to benomyl was studied with the aim to obtain comparative data about frequency of mutation in non-selective environment. Therefore simple and highly repeatable PCR based mutation detecting methods were optimised. Analysis brought knowledge about high similarity of cytb and beta-tub genes mutations occurrence. Whilst the frequency of the G143A substitution in cytb gene was 65% the E198A substitution of beta-tub gene occurred in 54% within pathogen population. This high frequency of resistant population necessitates revision of the way of strobilurins use in apple scab management.

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Section: Efficacy Loss Of Strobilurins Used In Protection Against Appmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy loss of strobilurins used in protection against apple scab in Czech orchards

Sedlák

Vávra

Vejl

et al. 2013

Hort. Sci. (Prague)

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“…Fungicide resistance is also a concern for modern agriculture. 43 Therefore, further studies are required to investigate potential environmental risks from those biocides in biosolids. …”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typical Azole Biocides in Biosolid-Amended Soils and Plants Following Biosolid Applications

Chen

Ying

et al. 2013

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Biosolid application on agricultural land may contaminate soils with various household chemicals and personal care products. This study investigated the occurrence and dissipation of typical azole biocides climbazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole in biosolid-amended soils as well as the uptake of these biocides by plants. The field trial includes two treatment groups: old groups with biosolid application at rates of 5, 10, 20, and 40 t/ha every year within 5 years, and new groups with only one biosolid application. The results showed that climbazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole were detected in biosolid-amended soils, but not detected in control soils. These biocides were not found in the crop plants collected from the trial plots. The dissipation half-lives for climbazole, clotrimazole, and miconazole under the field conditions were 175−179, 244, and 130−248 days, respectively. High biosolid application rates and repeated biosolid applications could lead to higher persistence of the biocides in the agricultural soils. An exposure model could effectively predict the residual concentrations of climbazole and miconazole in the biosolid-amended soils of the old treatments with different biosolid application rates. Thus, the field trial demonstrated high persistence of these three biocides in the soil environments.

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“…But, the development of multiple fungicide resistance among the pathogens is well documented in literature and is of global concern today (Deising et al, 2008). The growing concern for human safety and the potential impact on environment largely limits their application and compels the academicians and researchers to look for alternative to the use of fungicides to control the plant diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

IN-VITRO ANTIMYCOTIC ACTIVITY OF SELECTED ESSENTIAL OILS AND FUNGICIDES AGAINST Aspergillus niger AND Fusarium oxysporum

Rath¹,

Patnaik²

2018

JEBAS

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In the present study, eight different essential oils (Basil, Citronella, Neem, Turmeric, Eucalyptus, Pipermint, Palmarosa, Lemongrass) were tested for their antifungal activities against Aspergillus niger and Fusarium oxysporum. Result of the study revealed that all the tested essential oils showed fungicidal properties against these two test pathogens. Among the eight essential oils tested, Citronella oil showed maximum antifungal activities and this was followed by Lemongrass and Pipermint. The MIC value of the oils ranged from 0.97-500μl/ml. The Minimum Killing Time (MKT) of the oils varied from 0 min to 5hrs, at room temperature. Fungicidal activity of the oils retained even after treating at 100ºC for an hour and on autoclaving (121ºC and 15lb pressure for 20 min), which indicated thermostable and barostable nature of the active components in these oils. When the effect of commercially available synthetic fungicides were studied it was observed that both the pathogens were resistant to copper chloride 50% WP and Carbendazim 50% WP (upto 500 ppm) whereas, the essential oils killed the pathogens at a very lower concentrations and observed to be fungicidal in nature.

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Mechanisms and significance of fungicide resistance

Cited by 167 publications

References 39 publications

Efficacy loss of strobilurins used in protection against apple scab in Czech orchards

Efficacy loss of strobilurins used in protection against apple scab in Czech orchards

Typical Azole Biocides in Biosolid-Amended Soils and Plants Following Biosolid Applications

IN-VITRO ANTIMYCOTIC ACTIVITY OF SELECTED ESSENTIAL OILS AND FUNGICIDES AGAINST Aspergillus niger AND Fusarium oxysporum

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