Phage typing and Multidrug resistance profile in S. Typhimurium isolated from different sources in Brazil from 1999 to 2004

Abstract

Salmonella Typhimurium has become a widespread cause of salmonellosis among humans and animals worldwide. In Brazil, Salmonella Typhimurium (STM) is one of the most prevalent serovars isolated from food for human consumption. The uncontrolled sale and use of antimicrobials in agriculture and for treating human patients contributes to increase multidrug resistance of this serovar. In the present study, a total of 278 STM isolates from different sources and regions of Brazil over the period 1999 to 2004 were phage typed and analyzed for their antimicrobial resistance profile at Laboratory of Enterobacteria, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ. The main STM phage types isolated were DT 193 (64.3%), DT 19 (17.4%) and DT 18 (4%). Others phage types as DT 10 (2%), DT 27 (3.24%), DT 13 (0.36%), DT 22 (0.36%), DT 28 (0.36%), DT 29 (0.36%) and DT 149 (0.36%) were obtained in low percentages. A total of 54% STM strains were resistant to three or more antimicrobial classes, while no resistance to third generation cephalosporin or ciprofloxacin was identified in these strains. Those results show the STM phage types circulating among animals, food for human consumption and humans in Brazil as well as the increasing of multidrug resistance. The surveillance of STM strains based on phage typing and antimicrobial resistance profile are useful for detecting outbreaks, identifying sources of infection and implementing prevention and control measures.

Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance Phenotype and Integrons in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Isolated from Swine

“…These PT have been associated with gastroenteritis and reactive arthritis in humans [3,8,15,18]. In addition, recent reports on S. Typhimurium PT from Taiwan and Brazil indicated that these PT could be in circulation between humans and animals [3,15].…”

“…Integrons may be located in mobile genetic elements like transposons and/or promiscus plasmid that facilitates wide dissemination of resistant genes [2]. In recent years, rapid emergence of the MDR microbes in farm animal has been of serious concern, especially in the zoonotic pathogen like Salmonella and E. coli [5,15,17]. This not only complicates the treatment process in animals and humans, but also actively facilitates the transfer of antimicrobial resistance determinants to other microbes.…”

Salmonella Hadar phage types isolated from different sources of foodchain in Brazil

“…In the present investigation the presence of Salmonella Hadar phage types isolated from animals, food for human consumption and their association to multidrug resistance appoint to the need of monitoring activities in order to minimize the spread of this serovar in Brazil (8).…”

“…The cause of rapid spread of multidrug resistance bacteria is increased due many factors such as the abusive use and uncontrolled sale of antimicrobials in activities related with agriculture, veterinary and human treatments. This fact may be complex especially when bad hygiene is applied in foodchain at industries, restaurants or even at home (8).…”

Investigation of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhi in Battalgazi district, Malatya-Turkey

“…Multiple antibioticresistant strains for primary drugs (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole and tetracycline) have been reported in many countries (4,10,15,17,19). In this study, isolated strains were mostly sensitive with no ESBL ones.…”