Use of anaerobic cecal microflora, lactose and acetic acid for the protection of broiler chicks against experimental infection with Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella enteritidis

Abstract

The effects of treatment with anaerobic cecal microflora (ACM) and/or lactose and/or acetic acid on systemic and digestive tract of broiler chicks infection with Salmonella Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis were studied. ACM was used without previous bacterial identification. Treatment with ACM contributed to the resistance of broiler chicks to infection with Salmonella spp. The infections were more persistent in the cecum, rectum and crops in decreasing order of intensity. The infections were also self-limiting since treated and control lots presented similar infection rates at the end of the experiments. Alone or in combination with lactose, ACM reduced the colonization of the digestive tract of broiler chicks by S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis. The effect of the combination of ACM with lactose or acetic acid was not potentiated in terms of reduction of fecal excretion of Salmonella spp. Treatment with ACM reduced the amount of S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis in the feces. Alone or in combination with lactose, ACM reduced the cecal pH in treated birds. S. Enteritidis was much more invasive than S. Typhimurium and the use of ACM alone was more effective on the reduction of systemic infection. An explanation for the process of prevention of intestinal colonization with Salmonella spp. probably resides in the interrelationship of physiological, microbiological and immunological phenomena, as well as the variation in cecal pH.

Oregano powder reduces Streptococcus and increases SCFA concentration in a mixed bacterial culture assay

“…Butyrate has been shown to be the preferred energy source for colonic cells, and increases the production of tight junction proteins [68], improves maintenance and structure of villi [12], and reduces inflammation [69, 70], which may improve the growth and performance of broilers experiencing stress [71]. Acetate has shown to be a potent antimicrobial [72] against Streptococcus and Salmonella [73] and additionally can cross-feed butyrate production. SCFA production was 61% higher in treatment groups, in live birds these increases would translate to healthier microbial communities, intestinal morphology and immune systems of broilers that receive oregano powder as a feed supplement.…”

Investigação de Salmonella spp., Listeria spp., Campylobacter spp. e Pseudomonas spp. no trato intestinal de avestruzes (Struthio camelus) criados no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

“…Estes resultados coincidem com os de outros autores que também não isolaram estes agentes a partir de avestruzes (Ley et al, 2001;Melville et al, 2004). Nos animais jovens investigados nesse estudo, o não isolamento destes micro-organismos pode ser devido à utilização de probióticos no primeiro dia de vida, o que evita a colonização de patógenos, dificultando a sua detecção por métodos tradicionais (Andreatti Filho et al, 2000;Tellez et al, 2001). Redução significativa na excreção de Salmonella Typhimurium foi obtida por Lopes et al, (2007), nos casos de enterites associadas à mortalidade em avestruzes, após administração de bactérias da microbiota entérica de avestruzes para aves recém-nascidas.…”

“…As aves são os principais carreadores de Salmonella spp., determinando alta taxa de mortalidade, especialmente em filhotes (Andreatti Filho et al, 2000). De acordo com o Regulamento Técnico para Registro, Fiscalização e Controle Sanitário dos Estabelecimentos de Criação de Ratitas , está previsto o monitoramento sanitário permanente nos estabelecimentos de criação com pesquisa para Salmonella Gallinarum e S. Pullorum, consideradas de risco para o plantel e S. Enteritidis e S. Typhimurium consideradas de risco para a saúde pública.…”